Policy Brief for Reducing Irregular Labor Migrants in Switzerland

Strategy Brief for Reducing Irregular Labor Migrants in Switzerland Acquaintance Prior with building up an arrangement brief implied for decrease of sporadic vagrant work in Switzerland for the period somewhere in the range of 2012 and 2017, it is critical to comprehend who unpredictable transient laborers are and the justification behind the activity. A sporadic vagrant laborer is a transient specialist who enters a nation unlawfully, and the individuals who have entered legitimately participate in work without approval (Allasino et al 2001).Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Policy Brief for Reducing Irregular Labor Migrants in Switzerland explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More There are numerous reasons why unpredictable transient work ought to be decreased or forestalled. In any case, the strategy guarantees that movement is viably overseen, and unwavering quality of authentic migration strategies is kept up. Since it is difficult to get open help for legitimate movement arrangements, there is a require ment for measures to be taken to deal with sporadic relocation (Boswell 2003). The approach will likewise guarantee that sufficient compensation levels and working conditions are kept up for national specialists and lawful transient laborers. This is on the grounds that the presence of sporadic transients in a country’s economy can bring down wages and working conditions, particularly in low-talented areas of that economy (Brettell and Hollifield 2000). A strategy brief for decreasing sporadic vagrant work in Switzerland, will avoid the formation of entire business parts and endeavors that essentially depend on unpredictable transient work. It will likewise defeat abuse of sporadic vagrants by managers, work middle people or specialists, dealers and dealers (DeBardeleben and Hurrelmann 2011). This is on the grounds that there is sufficient proof to show that unpredictable vagrants are abused; they get lower pay rates than their legitimate partners. Also, in the event that the y are laid off, unlawful transients are not in a situation to get cash owed from their managers, and are seldom remembered for standardized savings laws (Castles and Miller 2009). This arrangement brief will analyze measures that must be placed so as to decrease unlawful transient work in Switzerland. Approaches/measures to be taken There is a need for an all encompassing methodology in tending to the issue of illicit work movement in Switzerland. The measures to be taken ought to be represented by four standards. In any case, an independent methodology ought not be utilized as it will undoubtedly fall flat. Furthermore, the measures utilized should be exhaustive and reciprocal. Likewise, control or prohibitive measures are not sufficient (Gedde 2008).Advertising Looking for research paper on worldwide relations? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Measures ought to support exchange, collaboration, and organizations in nations influenced by the issue. A cross-sectoral approach is helpful; coming up next are measures that ought to be taken so as to diminish unlawful transient work in Switzerland: Border controls and visa strategy In an exertion, to think of proportions of forestalling or decreasing unpredictable vagrant work, the most well-known proposals are those that identify with forestalling passage of sporadic vagrants. Outskirt controls should be proficient and reasonable; this is on the grounds that the inclination to attempt sporadic strategies is slanted to build transients since vagrants can move their way into a nation by paying off fringe authorities (Monar 2011). Proficiency at the fringe can be upgraded through trust grounded particle participation among outskirt authorities, particularly in nations with basic fringes. The European Union has embraced far reaching measures to find out that regular principles are appropriate in EU outside outskirts. The body has likewise settled an European or ganization to improve collaboration between EU Member states at these outskirts (Zimmerman 2005). Since Switzerland is an individual from the EU, it is limited by these guidelines which guarantee outskirt authorities in part states coordinate to lessen unlawful work vagrants. Furthermore, a visa strategy is required to guarantee less vagrants enter Switzerland without approval to take up work with insignificant organization. Nonetheless, tragically visas that are given for passage into a nation for reasons other than the travel industry and study are abused in Switzerland, yet in addition other EU part states which apply for the three-month EU/Schengen visa for momentary visits. All things considered, such maltreatment are principally occasioned by the absence of sufficient roads to get business (Guiraudon and Lahav 2006). Exercises in nations of root Switzerland should take measures to debilitate sporadic work relocation developments. So as to accomplish this, there ought to be ope n refinement and training efforts on the dangers of sporadic relocation. Accentuation ought to be laid on the dangers of being exposing to the cold-bloodedness of dealers, bootleggers, or degenerate work relocation mediators.Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Policy Brief for Reducing Irregular Labor Migrants in Switzerland explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More The IOM does programs in the nations of starting points, to instruct potential vagrant specialists concerning dangers they open themselves to when they go into another nation in a sporadic way. The focal point of such crusades ought not prevent movement, however advance legitimate work relocation. Activities against the individuals who encourage sporadic relocation One of the perceived techniques for decreasing unpredictable relocation is the guideline of enlisting vagrant specialists with an end goal to counter unlawful enrollment practice, and rebuff the individuals who help and facilitate the development and position of sporadic transient workers. Likewise, building up selection representatives or private work organizations ought to be thought of. This can be accomplished through brief work offices, or even through other work suppliers. Notwithstanding measures taken to stop unlawful enlistment, corrective measures ought to likewise be taken against different factors, for example, transport bearers, work movement authorities, just as vagrant businesses. Assents ought to be forced on facilitators of sporadic movement. Assurance Protection ought to likewise be one of the proportions of lessening sporadic vagrant work in Switzerland. This is on the grounds that these workers are normally misused during movement or travel, just as in places where they work. They, in this manner, are at the danger of having their human rights disregarded. The nation should put least certifications for the security of sporadic transients. These measures ought to consider the sex ual orientation worries of the human rights infringement of the unpredictable work transients (Huysmans 2006). The universal human rights law ensures unpredictable human rights to all people. In this manner, unlawful work vagrants ought to be given assurance against such uncaring practices as servitude like practices and constrained work, with a guarantee of their opportunity and individual security (Lavenex 2001). There are four significant privileges of sporadic work transients. These incorporate the privilege to a reasonable pay, the option to protect their privileges in labor courts, the option to oversee and be made up for mishaps in the work environment. Regularizing Another measure that ought to be actualized so as to diminish unpredictable work relocation in Switzerland is through regularizing the circumstance of sporadic transients. Despite the fact that there is a discussion with regards to the adequacy of this arrangement, it is a potential option since it helps in forest alling further minimization and abuse of illicit work migrants.Advertising Searching for research paper on worldwide relations? We should check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More What's more, there are monetary advantages for Switzerland as a host nation on the off chance that it regularizes its sporadic work vagrants (Van sanctum Anker and Van Liempt 2011). This can be acknowledged through in increments charges, just as government disability commitments. Besides, it very well may be used in battling the illicit work advertise through managing a proper status to unpredictable vagrant laborers. Return Another basic segment in diminishing unpredictable work relocation in Switzerland is by guaranteeing that sporadic vagrants leave the nation where they are living in an unpredictable way. This can be successfully accomplished through deliberate return as it is less expensive contrasted with constrained return. The IOM has executed different projects consolidating its part states through willful returning or flight of sporadic vagrants. The body accomplishes through scattering data in the worker networks (Weber and Pickering 2011). Opening up increasingly formal c hannels for work movement Although the viability of this approach is faulty, its convenience is tied on the factor that sporadic vagrants are significant in the economy of Switzerland. They take up employments that are disdained by Swiss nationals. Notwithstanding the low-gifted work power gave by the unpredictable vagrants, nations likewise look for lawful migrant’s work power for profoundly talented positions (Baruah 2003). Interstate collaboration In request for the measures sketched out here to be full of feeling, reciprocal and multilateral participation ought to be thought of. One type of reciprocal collaboration is the trade and posting of migration contact officials. These officials are primarily favored to the next country’s Interior of Foreign Ministry. They may help in the recognizable proof and counteraction of expected unpredictable progressions of vagrant work power. Another way to deal with interstate participation is the joining of movement issues in pr ovincial joint effort and improvement action (Zimmerman 2005). End It ought to be understood that any push to address the issue of sporadic work transients ought concentrate on prevention, yet additionally on improving the states of those w

Crime Hotspots in Washington DC

Wrongdoing Hotspots in Washington DC Free Online Research Papers Wrongdoing problem areas are viewed as wrongdoing pervaded regions. A problem area is a territory that has a more prominent than normal number of criminal or turmoil occasions, or a zone where individuals have a higher than normal danger of exploitation (Weisburd, 2005). Problem areas shift and might be more sizzling than others. All areas, positive or negative, have wrongdoing problem areas. Most avenues liberated from wrongdoing have hazardous regions. Elements that add to problem areas are consistently extraordinary. Most problem areas is a spot that few violations happen in. Indeed, even in a horror territory, wrongdoing is gathered in a couple of spots or places with no wrongdoing by any means. Fundamental reasons for wrongdoing happen in places where rehashed wrongdoing with various casualties, rehashed exploitation, and better places. Individuals succumb to wrongdoing doing ordinary business, for example, going to and from school, work, transport quits, shopping, or amusement exercises. These wrongdoings happen along courses that guilty parties normally use. Problem areas for wrongdoing happen were victim’s oftentimes visits generally, for example, service stations, retail locations, accommodation stores, and inexpensive food stores. Another problem area for wrongdoing happen along courses with high traffic medicate managing. As of late, problem areas in Washington, DC have gotten expanding hazardous and progressively high in wrongdoing. These spots incorporate Anacostia, Outter Southeast, H Street Corridor, The NE SE Quadrants, Ivy City, Drake Place, and Trinidad just to give some examples. In the battle against wrongdoing in problem areas, many police division in DC have embraced numerous key strategies remembering the utilization of curfews and reconnaissance cameras for horror zones and started new hunt and-hold onto techniques to get firearms off the road (Lanier, 2005). In May 2008, a rash or lethal shootings in the Trinidad segment organized a multi day checkpoint check by officials of any driver wishing to enter the region. Other strategy that is by and by being utilized In DC to battle the war on wrongdoing incorporates focused on watches. Target watches focus on wrongdoing problem areas and time that they happen, additionally called hot occasions. In a focused on the lookout, numerous officials spread a particular zone in checked squad cars with blazing lights to augment perceivability to wrongdoers (Lanier, 2005). Likewise, focusing on explicit regions or various sorts of violations with cutting edge policing that give examiners the capacity to break down wrongdoing minute-by-minute expanding more noteworthy capacity and achievement in the assault on wrongdoing before it occurs. These strategies have end up being truly important by lessening wrongdoing inside 90 days (Lanier, 2005). Research Papers on Crime Hotspots in Washington DCThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationAssess the significance of Nationalism 1815-1850 EuropeStandardized TestingIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenLifes What IfsBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of Self19 Century Society: A Deeply Divided Era

The emergence of the internet marketing

The rise of the web showcasing Another field of showcasing called Internet advertising has risen with the expanding number of individuals on the web. Organizations are discovering it progressively hard to keep up pace with the requests of various guests of their sites. With the developing traffic on the web, presently pretty much every organization is engaged with web showcasing. Web showcasing is substantially more than simply having a pleasant site. It includes each and everything that a business does to advance itself. The methods for leading business have now changed because of access to data from any edge of the world in a reasonable and simple way. Today web has supplanted TV, telephone frameworks and papers achieving an improvement in the way of life of the individuals over the globe. Offering 50,000 unique items in a virtual store is exceptionally basic and simple; anyway this can't exist in any physical departmental store. Web has carried alongside it constant access, full network and a basic one of a kin d interface given by internet browsers. This whole development has made another condition for directing business forms, setting up and keeping up business relations. This new wave in promoting has made a whole arrangement of patterns which organizations need to take a gander at and fuse on the off chance that they need to continue their business. New worth should be included at every single phase of the business cycle. Thoughts ready for associations to cull and make their own, along these lines exhibiting that We are still here and like nothing anyone's ever seen! There is an immense pool of chances out there which should be abused. Promoting TRENDS TO WATCH! Value.Value.Value. The most well-suited word today is esteem. Activities that produce an improved client relationship are made by the change of key data and information. Associations need to make sense of their worth. They have to fit themselves in every one of the circles demonstrated aside. The convergence of these is its incentive. This should be put before individuals again and again. For e.g., the compassionate association CARE, for a long time situated itself as attempting to dispose of destitution. Anyway numerous associations were seeking this. It is a commercial center since the opposition is for getting benefactors. CARE at that point changed its concentration to situation of young ladies and ladies with the understanding that this class experiences more neediness and till date showcases this differentiation so as to be heard. Online Reputation Management Associations need to spend a proportional measure of exertion in dealing with the online brands as in keeping up the physical ones. The progression of messages is not, at this point controllable with the expanding number of client produced content as websites and online gatherings. It is in this way basic to disguise off camera and impact, right just as add to th discussions. There are various modest aggregator instruments like Google cautions which help to get a day by day digest by means of which the organizations can be a piece of the discussions. Video Marketing Numerous associations have incredibly diminished promoting financial plans because of the distinctive cost conditions. In this situation video showcasing is increasing expanding significance. For example a so called cosmetics expert, Lauren Luke, began selling beauty care products by putting recordings on YouTube. The recordings have more than fifty million perspectives and her channel has in excess of 250000 supporters. Next is the intelligent video innovation, through which guests can be taken to the related substance by tapping on components in the video. Worth Added Content By pushing content onto clients organizations are currently discovering approaches to improve the client experience. So as to push dissemination Amazon has on the off chance that you like improvement to its indexes. Clients persistently attempt to locate that shrouded perspective which makes him cheerful and visit again for buys. Interfacing with Mobile Marketing There are currently more than 2.4 billion cell phone supporters on the planet. Versatile promoting is presently turning into an approach to pull in clients by building a one stop search for email, photographs and other computerized administrations. It is consequently fundamental for sites to effortlessly have the option to explore in portable program. Essentially explicit applications should be created to upgrade the nearness on client gadgets by giving notification through telephone. The Art of Being Real In an ongoing survey by AdweekMedia 78 percent respondents said that a superstar in a promotion doesn't influence them in any capacity. This implies now a days people are on a search for genuine proof. It is a trust economy where individuals who talk from the heart are accepted. For example Birds crusade which includes genuine ladies utilizing the excellence items was an advancement achievement. An ascent of 700 percent in deals of Dove was accounted for in America. A Deeper Shade of Green Associations are decided on their practices in the worldwide network. It is presently fundamental to talk green and to convey on the green. The statistical surveying organization, Aberdeen Group, announced that client dedication is driven up by 36 percent with unassuming green activities. It might ascend to as high as 69 percent at times. So as to deliver this subject to youngsters, Worthington Libraries, chose a green topic for its late spring perusing club on the web. Demise of Email My Info Quest is a book informing administration which a consortium of worldwide libraries has created which gives live reference administrations to open. The appropriate responses are given to the clients from an overall system of experts. Along these lines the clients are filled in as and when they expect because of the connection among on the web and versatile usefulness. Micromarketing In light of the distinctions in the client bunches advertising has now gotten about only divided. Internet promoting necessities to concentrate even on this perspective. In an investigation of its clients a national vehicle wash organization found that the clients fall into six unique gatherings. Some young ladies lean toward a vehicle wash dependent on cost while some other affluent male fragments incline toward a vehicle wash week after week at some random significant expense. The organization has tracked email locations of every one of its clients, in this manner offering the privilege limited time items to the correct bunch and spurs conduct. Estimation of Design A structure executes a brand through each touchpoint. Clients should be given a natural and marked understanding. The utilization of subjects, layouts, a la mode text styles, reliable hues builds up a brand inside the psyches of clients who at that point perceive the brand effectively creating a review. Speed It is a quick moving world and individuals are in a consistent rush. The clients presently need it quick and simple. Online clients need their outcomes in a minutes time without looking out longer for the site. Subsequently it is important that administration conveyance is smoothed out and clients are given what they ask in a split second. Passionate Connection Advertising today is tied in with making a passionate association that sets up a pertinence to clients. Associations need to solidify the enthusiastic and individual association. HOW DO YOU PLAN TO MAKE MONEY? Picking A BUSINESS MODELà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦.. In least complex terms, a plan of action is an arrangement that an association uses to produce pay. It is a blend of numerous components like the potential market or specialty and how does the association intend to arrive at it, the offer and different components which are basic to support business over the long haul. The organization may have many showcasing decisions available to its however it needs to keep the capacities and expenses related in light of each promoting exertion. PPC (Pay Per Click) Business Model Utilizing the PPC model associations can promote the item or administration in the web indexes (Google, Yahoo! what's more, MSN) themselves. Associations offer on catchphrases identified with their business and pay for publicizing just when a client taps on the promotion and visits the site. The promotion is activated when a client types in an inquiry question which coordinates the watchwords that were awaited on. The advertiser who offers the most elevated gets his promotion showed some place on the list items gave by the motor. Along these lines the organization has unlimited authority over when and where the promotions are shown. Contingent on the time the advertisements can even be turned on or off. The geographic areas wherein the advertisements will be run can likewise be chosen by the advertiser. Comparable to the contenders the promotion position is dictated by: most extreme expense per click (CPC) duplicated by active visitor clicking percentage. It is just when someone real ly taps on the advertisement that the web crawler gets paid. Thusly the top position should be earned by composing promotions that entice searchers to tap on it and investigate the site. PPC is a solid match for advertisers on the off chance that they :  · Like to work with tremendous measures of watchword data.  · will contribute the time expected to do every day research and updates to accounts.  · Have more cash than time and are eager to go through cash to bring in cash.  · Like working with insights.  · Like examining (and reanalyzing) results.  · Know how to compose little characterized promotions.  · Have a promoting financial plan of at any rate $100 every month, per battle. Website design enhancement (Search Engine Optimization) Business Model Associations get their site ordered and positioned in regular query items for search terms that are identified with the business or certain catchphrases. For instance, when somebody look through a term-schools or eateries , on Google, the Web locales that spring up first are controlled by SEO. The web crawlers fixed calculations decide these outcomes and rankings. In such a kind of a regular habitat the proprietors don't have a lot of control with regards to when and where the site will be shown as in the PPC model. There is along these lines no expense related with this model. The main asset required is time. The locales that position among the top for the most part have solid inbound connections and great substance. This sums for a great deal of free traffic. A couple of things to remember while developing the site:

Overview of SAT Evidence Based Reading and Writing Reading Test

The Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT) is a paper-pencil test used for admissions into US colleges for undergraduate courses/freshman entry. The test is used to assess a student’s readiness for college. The duration of the test is 3 hours and 50 mins. The official site for the SAT is https://collegereadiness.collegeboard.org/sat. The SAT is divided into five sections: Evidence based Reading Test Evidence based Writing and Language Test Math (no calculator) Math (with calculator) Essay (optional) All the sections are given is the same order as mentioned above. The Evidence Based Reading and Writing test score ranges from 200-800 and the Math score also ranges from 200-800. Total score ranges from 400-1600. Essay section is optional and its scores are graded separately. The Evidence Based Writing test is the first section of the SAT. There will be a total of 52 questions which must be answered in 65 minutes. The passages will be composed of about 600-900 words. All the questions are based on passages, there are no standalone questions. You can expect about 5 passages in the Reading Test and each passage will be accompanied by about 10-11 questions. All questions are multiple choice questions wherein you will be given 4 answer choices to choose from. There will be one right answer for each question. Some passages will be accompanied by a graph or a chart, and for such passages you will have certain questions whose answers will be based on the analysis of the graph or the chart. There will also be some dual-passage questions. You do not need to have prior knowledge on any of the topics of the passages. The information provided in the passages are enough for you to answer questions. The passages will follow the below mentioned pattern: One passage from a classic or contemporary work of U.S. or World Literature; one passage or a pair of passages from either a U.S. founding document or a text in the great global conversation they inspired; a selection from Economics, Psychology, Sociology or some other Social Science; two Science passages (or one passage and one pair) that examine foundational and developments in Earth Science, Biology, Chemistry, or Physics. The Evidence Based Reading Test section tests your analytical reasoning skills. When you come across a reading test passage, you must be able to determine the purpose, central idea, structure, functional elements and tone of the passages. The four types of question that you will across on the Reading test are: Related articles # Inequalities 0 660 # Coordinate Geometry 0 1068 #SAT Writing And Language Word- Usage Question Type 0 1162 #SAT Writing And Language Passage Structure Based Question Type 0 2846 #SAT Writing And Language Grammar Question Type 0 1791 Global Questions Detail Questions Inference Questions Rhetorical Effect Questions A typical Reading Test question will look like this: Q. In the context of the passage, the author’s use of the phrase â€Å"her light step flying to keep time with his long stride† (line 3) is primarily meant to convey the idea that A. Ethan and Mattie share a powerful enthusiasm. B. Mattie strives to match the speed at which Ethan works. C. Mattie and Ethan playfully compete with each other. -->D. Ethan walks at a pace that frustrates Mattie.

communication Essay - 1209 Words

SITUATION nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Four large US telephone providers merged to create a national wireless service. With a combined workforce of more than 30,000, the new company needed a communication platform to integrate its four business units. To quell the rumor mill and sustain productivity, it was important to keep employees abreast of breaking news about integration plans, customer and staffing issues, partner companies, public news releases, and changes to organization design and HR programs. SOLUTION nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;This problem can be solved by building trust and acceptance, and keeps employees focused on the important work at hand. It can mitigate damage caused by the rumor mill and relieve anxiety.†¦show more content†¦People who are relatively comfortable with ambiguity will not only weather a merger situation more easily, but they will be more valuable to many organizations experiencing rapid change. (Marks, Mitchell Lee., 2003.) nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Anyone who has been an eyewitness to a merger will attest to the intensity of emotion and human drama involved. There is no other corporate phenomenon that stirs up so many passions a testament to the multilayered significance of such an event. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp; nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;An open information policy will inspire the merger internally and externally – as soon as the employees support the merger, they act as internal catalysts. If managers and employees are well informed, if there is clarity about the future vision, they are more prepared to commit themselves to the company goals. Customers and suppliers also need to be informed. This is more than just a minor diversion: a merger is a fantastic chance to extend business relations and to face competitors more successfully which have hitherto only been lying in wait for a decline of performance. nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Leaders of companies that have been successful with acquisitions and integrations realize, first and foremost, that this is a process dependent on people and that these people may be at their most insecure and vulnerable. The best leaders remember that an acquisition willShow MoreRelatedUnderstanding Communication : Communication And Communication1345 Words   |  6 PagesHANDBOOK UNDERSTANDING COMMUNICATION TYPES OF COMMUNICATION METHODS OF COMMUNICATION INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION STYLES COMMUNICATION STYLES COMMUNICATION ROADBLOCKS HOW TO OVERCOME COMMUNICATION ROADBLOCKS THE DO’S AND DO NOT’S OF EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION HOW TO LISTEN EFFECTIVELY CONTENT PERTINENT TO SPORT STUDIES SYLLABUS SHELL PORTFOLIO EXIT EXAM STUDY GUIDES 3 AND 4 YEAR PLANS FOR MAJORS WRITTEN COMMUNICATION CHECKLIST ELECTRONIC COMMUNICATIONS PURPOSE OF THE COMMUNICATION HANDBOOK TheRead MoreCommunication Is The Science Of Communication1066 Words   |  5 PagesCommunication is important to strive in life, as well as, in integrated marketing communication. Human communication is described as having the creativity to contribute instead of the information. Creativity can help by making more efficiently with less. 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The Patient Population Of Middle Adulthood And Middle...

Many individuals around the world are experiencing chronic illnesses, which are â€Å"health problems that persist over extended periods and [†¦] are often associated with participation and activity limitations† (Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, Bucher, Camera, 2014, p. 69). The purpose of this paper is to utilize two research studies to compare and contrast eight key findings that influence treatment adherence in patients with chronic illnesses. These studies will compare themes between older pre-dialysis patients and middle-aged adults with type 2 diabetes. The relevance of this concept to the patient population of middle adulthood will also be discussed. With four of the themes, we will further explore nursing interventions that can be applied across the hospital setting to increase treatment adherence. Comparison of Studies This paper will utilize two research studies. The first one discusses treatment adherence in older pre-dialysis populations by Walker, James, and Burns (2012). 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A subset of mobile technologies, Mobile health (mHealth), is defined as mobile computing, medical sensor, and communication technologies that can enhance chronic disease care beyond the traditional outpatient physician-patient encounter (Eng Lee, 2013). This technology is used increasingly in the management of such chronic diseases like Type 1 Diabetes (T1D). This complex disease is challenging to manageRead MoreHealth Improvement Strategies For Obesity And The Effect Being Obese Has On Young People2155 Words   |  9 Pagesare a great way to implement health improvement strategies for young adults as most will own a smartphone themselves. Obesity is a growing problem not only in adults in the UK but also young adults. Public Health England (2013) states that in 2007 the overall cost of obesity to the UK economy was approximately  £15.8 billion per year with  £4.2 billion in cost to the NHS. Obesity is a particular problem for young adults as it can cause them to be at an increased risk of developing variousRead MoreDiabetes : A Senior Project Will Be About Diabetes1856 Words   |  8 Pages Diabetes This senior project will be about diabetes. There are 29.1 million people in the United States or 9.3 percent of the population who have diabetes. Only 24 percent of people are undiagnosed of diabetes. Diabetes is a disease in which the body is unable to property use and store glucose like a form of sugar. Glucose backs up in the blood stream causing one’s blood glucose sometimes referred as blood sugar to rise too high. Diabetes can occur in anyone. However, those who have closeRead MoreSymptoms And Treatment Of Osteoporosis1171 Words   |  5 Pagesthe bones begin to weaken. Over some time a person can become brittle and can be disposed to fractures (Ailinger, 2005, p. 135-142). Osteoporosis can be divided among four stages, the first starts at the age of 35 before it can be detectable, stage 2 occurs between ages 35 and 55 when osteoporosis is detected with a test, stage 3 begins around the age of 45 and is characterized as bone fractures, and stage 4 begins around the ag e of 55 with fractures and accompanied by chronic pain and deformityRead MoreDisease Trends and the Delivery of Health Care2925 Words   |  12 Pagesthe worlds population is increasing because of a decline in fertility and a 20-year increase in the average life span during the second half of the 20th century. These factors, combined with elevated fertility in many countries during the 2 decades after World War II (i.e., the Baby Boom), will result in increased numbers of persons aged gt;65 years during 2010--2030. Worldwide, the average life span is expected to extend another 10 years by 2050. 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He is only seeking care for the purpose of providing a health history for the interviewer’s assignment. Obtaining the history of the presenting illness of a patient is important in determining if the illness is a one-time acute condition, or one of a more chronic nature. If the patient has experienced

Competitive Strategy Business Environment

Question: Discuss about the Competitive Strategy for Business Environment. Answer: Introduction The modern business environment has become so complex and competitive so that the management of the organizations has to focus on the strategic plans, business innovations etc. There are so many organizations in the world which belongs to the same industry, which provides similar objects with same quality and at competitive prices. This condition of the business environment ruins the sustainability of the business in the environment. The demands of the customer and their preferences have also increased and they have become too specific in selecting the products and while at buying decisions. The world market has been opened to the customers and the accessibility of various brands is also made available which has increased the competitiveness (Grant, 2016). Through this report I took the privilege to highlight the role that the strategic plans and the business innovations plays in achieving the competitive advantage and sustainability in the modern business environment. Strategy Strategy can be considered as a long term plan through which the organization can achieve its objectives. An effective business strategy can bring competitive advantage and success for the organization. The business strategies are formulated through considering the factors which includes the organizational objectives, unique values of the organization, resources or capabilities, the sustainability of the organization etc. Through a sustainable business strategy an organization can continue to win in the business environment over a period of time. This long term business planning activity is to be carefully formulated and implemented so as to achieve the desired goals. The vision, mission, policies and procedures of an organization can influence its strategically decision making (Ward and Peppard, 2016). Source: www.tripleseo.com The organization The Great Atlantic Pacific Tea Company is a grocery store chain which holds a dominant position in the US market which works in collaboration with Canada. This large food and grocery retailer had to face some loss in business during its initial stages. The organization can focus on formulating the strategy which would have benefitted them from the financial losses (Ocasio and Radoynovska, 2016). For this some strategic goals formulated which can help in formulating the strategies. Meeting the demand of the customer if they identify the customer demands are not met through the research. providing ultimate customer service for achieving the loyal customers Provision of products at competitive prices to achieve competitive advantage For preparing the strategic plan for achieving the strategic goals the organization AP should first consider the following components Competing market: international market specifically Canada and US. Unique values: preferences of the Canada and US customers, the competitive products in Canada, the international brands operating in the market, etc (Kolk and Schokker, 2016). Resources/capabilities: good reputation in US market, the quality of product and service etc Sustainability in the Canada and US market For each strategic goals strategies has to be formulated considering the components mentioned and short coming in the above mentioned components are fulfilled. This will enable the management to produce an effective strategic which can benefit the organization in achieving the competitive advantage, sustainability etc. Through following the above mentioned steps the management of the organization can understand what their target customers exactly prefers and can provide them the products accordingly (Chang, 2016). Through considering the components mentioned above the management will get sufficient information which is relevant for the strategic formation. Some strategies which can be recommended are Provision of training and development to the staff members so that they can provide extra ordinary customer service, for better product information etc. Conducting intense marketing research for the identification of the customer preferences and their demands (Jeong and Harrison, 2016). Business Model Innovation Business model Innovation is the process through which new business models and ideas are developed through which the organization can remain sustain and profitable in the business environment. Many business giants like Nokia has been swiped out from the market due to lack of innovation and its implementation. The four steps which are essential of an effective business model innovation are the initiation, ideation, integration and implementation (Herrera, 2016). The management has to forecast the various opportunities in the market appropriate to the organization and should generate ideas so as to add value to the product and service they offer (Park et al, 2016). Source: www.stateytoth.com Consider the organization Nokia which is operating in the electronics and mobile industry. This organization had a dominant place in the world mobile market and had to face a major failure and has been swiped out from the industry. This organization focuses in the mobile sector and has emerged as a giant in the mobile industry (Visnjic, Wiengarten and Neely, 2016). The primary reason which can be identified for the failure of this organization can be a tremendous increase in the number of competitors in the mobile sectors, the technological paradigm which happened and are continuously happening in the mobile sector, the increasing demand and expectations of the customers, the interest of the customers to become highly savvy (Sauer et al, 2016). The management of the organization failed to realize and respond to the expectations of the customers. Some of the ways through the organization Nokia could have benefitted from the Business Model innovation can are mentioned below. Initiation: The management should have the initiation to get adapted to the new technological changes or take up the changes as per the need of the customers. Ideation: Creative or innovative ideas has to be formulated which can suitably meet the customer demands and the achieve sustainability for the organization. Integration: Be able to integrate the customer requirement and resources or potential of the organization Finally implementing the innovative ideas effectively (Bolton and Hannon, 2016). It is essential that the organization could have adopted the new technological advancements in the sector so as to meet the customer demands. On the other hand the business models should also focus on the maintenance of the customer satisfaction through the provision of efficient customer service (Saji and Ellingstad, 2016). Conclusion The strategy formulation and the business model innovations play a vital role in the success of the business organizations. The managers of the modern business environment should practice these methodologies so as to be competitive and sustainable. This report explains the concepts of the strategy and the business innovation models and the benefits these concepts can bring for the organization if implemented effectively. Two organizations are also considered for analysis which provides a better understanding about the concepts. References Bolton, R. and Hannon, M., 2016, Governing sustainability transitions through business model innovation: Towards a systems understanding. Research Policy Chang, J.F., 2016. Business process management systems: strategy and implementation. CRC Press Grant, R.M., 2016. Contemporary strategy analysis: Text and cases edition. John Wiley Sons Jeong, S.H. and Harrison, D., 2016. Glass Breaking, Strategy Making, and Value Creating: Meta-Analytic Outcomes of Females as CEOs and TMT members. Academy of Management Journal, pp.amj-2014 Herrera, M.E.B., 2016. Innovation for impact: Business innovation for inclusive growth. Journal of Business Research, 69(5), pp.1725-1730 Ocasio, W. and Radoynovska, N., 2016, Strategy and commitments to institutional logics: Organizational heterogeneity in business models and governance. Strategic Organization, p.1476127015625040. Park, C., Miller, K., Evans, S. and Bamford, I., 2016, Refitting agile business model innovation to an incumbent company context: UK industry-academic collaboration case Sauer, R., Frankenberger, K., Lingens, B. and Gassmann, O., 2016. Spin-offs as Core Vehicles for Business Model Innovation: An Attention-Based View. Salim Saji, B. and Ellingstad, P., 2016. Social innovation model for business performance and innovation, International Journal of Productivity and Performance Management, 65(2), pp.256-274 Van der Kolk, B. and Schokker, T., 2016, Strategy implementation through hierarchical couplings in a management control package: an explorative case study. Journal of Management Control, 27(2-3), pp.129-154 Visnjic, I., Wiengarten, F. and Neely, A., 2016, Only the brave: Product innovation, service business model innovation, and their impact on performance. Journal of Product Innovation Management, 33(1), pp.36-52 Ward, J. and Peppard, J., 2016. The Strategic Management of Information Systems: Building a Digital Strategy. John Wiley Sons

Managing high performance organizations

Introduction High Performance organizations (HIPOs) are usually characterized by a high performing workplace, which is established as a result of reinforcing the organization’s vision, mission, values, goals and objectives through an engagement of the employees.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing high performance organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Basically, a High Performance Organization embarks on strategies that are aimed at maximizing the best of the human resources found within the organization through the use of recruitment, retaining of employees and talent and performance management (Alkhafaji 2003). The underlying framework of a High Performance Organization is to align the human resource and capital towards the achievement of the organizational mission and values. This implies that HIPOs rely on integration of Human Resource practices with aspect of talent management, with the main objective of exploiting talent Return on Investment and enhance the success of the organization. Some of the core dynamics of HIPOs include information sharing, shared power and high employee i9nvolvement, compelling vision, ongoing learning, customer focus and energizing systems and structures (Arredondo 1996). This paper discusses roles and practices of HIPOs and the aspect of energizing systems and structures and it is effective in the context if Qantas Airways, which is one of the oldest airlines that has been under continuous operation. The paper lays more emphasis on supporting employee, process and structure and developing programs and function. In addition, the paper also outlines the Human Resource as a supporting system and process executive such as conducting an evaluation process for leadership, organizational learning and employee engagement. The Energizing systems and structures, processes and practices that are deployed High Performance Organizations are usually used in a such a manner that they facilitates the realization of the organization’s vision, goals and objectives and the directions of the organization’s strategic plan. This helps in making it easy for individuals within an organization to undertake their tasks effectively and efficiently (Blanchard 2009). In addition, the energizing systems and structures offer a framework through which the organization can deploy in order to address the barriers and opportunities in a timely fashion. In order to determine if organizational structures and systems are energizing, it is vital to ascertain whether the deployed structures and systems help individuals in an organization to complete their tasks with ease or whether they increase the difficulty of task completion, thereby reducing organizational efficiency and effectiveness (Blanchard 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More An organization that aims at becoming High Performing should focus on supporting employees in order to enhance the production of sustainable results. This implies that people within the organization are perceived as assets of ultimate significance. The high performing organization does not embark on the philosophical approach whereby people in the organization are viewed as potential liabilities (Chartered Institute of Personal Development 2006). Therefore, a high performing organization should embark on finding its employees happier and are more successful and productive when undertaking their duties at the organization. Energizing systems and structures are important in the context of Qantas Airways because the offer the required tools for employee empowerment, which in turn results to valuable contributions that are necessary for the success of the organization (Drucker 2007). In addition, energizing systems and structures facilitate the creation of a workplace environmen t that is characterized by respect and diversity. With this respect, diversity is viewed as asset and a tool for enhancing innovativeness, creativeness and value addition. It is a moral and social responsibility of organizations and business enterprises to embrace diversity within their organizational workforce. Ignoring diversity can impose significant effects on the business performance of an organization, and can additionally impose huge costs regarding the damaged business reputation and compensation payments. Diversity can generally be described as valuing every organizational member as an individual (Goldsmith Hu-Chan 2003). With this respect, managing diversity is core to the effective management of people within an organization, and it is usually relevant to the all the business processes and functions. The significant challenge when managing diversity is to establish an organizational culture that meets the values of every organizational member, which is needed to foster e mployee productivity. Research studies report that organizations are faced with difficulties during workforce recruitment, as a result, business enterprises and organizations that do not emphasize on managing diversity are gradually risking in the increasing competition for available talent across diverse cultures. In the present business environment that is competitive, it is imperative that business enterprises explore all the potential sources that can be used to create a competitive advantage. The implication of this is that employers must have an in depth understanding of the aspect of diversity and its relationship with business performance, this offers a framework through which business enterprises can compete productively (Bolman Deal 2008).Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Managing high performance organizations specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The roles and practices High Performing Organizations are c entered towards enhancing the efficiency of their human capital. This primarily entails focusing on five roles and practices of HIPOs including strategy, leadership, talent, culture and market. Strategy involves the alignment of organization’s human resource with the business strategies, implying that each employee in the organization focus on the achievement of the same goals. Leadership involves communication of the performance expectations, development and promotion of the right human capital and informing organizational members the significance of their attitudes towards the success of the organization. With regard to talent, the organization’s HR strategy must be established in accordance with the business model with the main objective of ensuring that the selected human capital can facilitate the realization of the business value (Bolman and Deal, 2008). It is also imperative that the organizational culture at all organizational levels should be subject to alignm ent; this implies that the departmental leaders have to show the commitment required towards the development of aligned organizational culture. Market involves the employees having an understanding of the significance of customers, and how their jobs influence the success of the business (Blanchard 2009). The HR also has a significant role as a supporting system and process executive through avenues such as evaluation processes for leadership, organizational learning and employee engagement. The HR should focus on mobilizing teams within the organization, with the main objective of fostering cohesiveness. This can be achieved through the creation of a workplace environment that facilitates collaboration and teamwork together with a flat hierarchy organizational culture. This implies that employees have their say in the organizational operations (Chartered Institute of Personal Development 2006). The benefit of such an organizational structure in the context of Qantas Airways is maxi mizing the available resources in an organization through empowering individuals and providing them with opportunities to exercise leadership in their various fields of skill. The need for collective leadership is due to the increasing complexity in the dynamic of organizational activities; which become overwhelming for one individual to manage an organization (Blanchard 2009). The HR also has a significant role in people development and the retention of expertise in the organization. It is a challenge to retain people especially in organizations that do not show any progress.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Retention of high-impact performers is always constrained by a number of recognized trends including: the declined status of working for a large company, the repeated lack of association connecting pay and contribution, the increasing influence that technical experts have and the reduced number of titles due to restructuring of companies (Blanchard 2009). The leaders therefore must gain knowledge of how to manage human resources with the same skills they apply to manage financial resources. Some of the ways of retaining employees in an organization include showing them respect and dignity, creating a thriving environment, providing sufficient training to the employees, being a coach and appealing to the employees and rewarding and organizing employees’ achievements (Blanchard 2009). Conclusion An organization that is High Performing has the potential of remaining competitive through attaining a balance between meeting the requirements of inside and outside stakeholders. With the ever increasing evolution of organizational theories, the HIPOs model is one of the frameworks that organizations such as the Qantas Airways have to adopt in order to be successful in the present business context. References Alkhafaji, A 2003, Strategic management: formulation, implementation, and control in a dynamic environment, Routledge, London. Arredondo, P 1996, Successful diversity management initiatives: a blueprint for planning and implementation, Sage, London. Blanchard, K 2009, Leading at a Higher Level: Balanchard on leadership and creating high performing organizations, FT Press, New York. Bolman, L Deal, T 2008, Reframing organizations: Artistry, choice, and leadership, Jossey-Bass Publishers, San Francisco, CA. Chartered Institute of Personal Development 2006, ‘Diversity in Business: How Much progress have employers made?’, Diversity in Business, pp. 3-15. Drucker, F 2007, Management challenges for the 21st century, Butterworth-Heinemann, New York. G oldsmith, M Hu-Chan, M 2003, Global leadership: the next generation, Pearson education Inc Prentice hall., New York. This essay on Managing high performance organizations was written and submitted by user Samiyah Suarez to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Philips and Matsushita essays

Philips and Matsushita essays In the post World War II era, Philips became the leading consumer electronics company in the world. Philips success in this postwar era can be attributed to their strong Research s, the same National Organizations to which Philips attributed its postwar success soon became the reason why Matsushita displaced Philips as the leading consumer electronics company. Early in Philips history, Gerard and Anton Philips agreed that strong research and development efforts were vital to the Philips success. The importance of research and development is evident in the physics and chemistry lab that developed a tungsten metal filament bulb that was a great commercial success enabling Philips to compete against its giant rivals. In the postwar era, Philips continued this tradition with fourteen product divisions responsible for development, production and global distribution. Another contributing factor to Philips success is the National Organizations. These postwar organizations were highly self-sufficient and extremely adept at responding to country-specific market conditions and needs. Each of the National Organizations had commercial and technical capabilities. And, despite the centralized research and development product divisions, the National Organizations were capable of designing, producing and marketing products tailored to the local needs. Communication ensured that product group directions fit with the national strategies and priorities. Despite their autonomy, each of the National Organizations sent envoys to the parent company to represent their interests and top management from the parent company also made frequent trips to the national organizations. Furthermore, all top managers had been with Philips for the majority of t...

Why study abroad Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Why study abroad - Assignment Example It is one of the vital factors in almost every person’s life. This opinion is dependable as the aspect of studying abroad could give the international students an opportunity to live and study the diverse environment, meet new people who come from different socio-economic backgrounds, learn new languages, exchanging of cultures, development of skills and self, and enhancement of an individual’s future. As many of the youth today have more interest in learning foreign language, their efforts of becoming fluent in their second or third languages is becoming high. This is just the starting point of developing interest in going outside the borders and study abroad. â€Å"Traditional Chinese culture places well-educated scholars in the highest social rank. Academic achievement is also an honor to the family. Dedication to scholarship becomes not only a personal goal but also a culture goal for Chinese international students†, according to Twombly, Salisbury, Tumanot, & Klute (2012). Unarguably, since time immemorial education has been playing a vital role in the lives of so many people. It has soon become the top priority for most parents in the contemporary society to ensure their children get the best education, which is a necessity in the modern society. Coming to the subject of studying abroad for any level of education is now becoming one of the hottest topics today in China notably among students who would wish to study abroad. The argument of studying abroad is always surrounded by preferences of choice among the students for workforce and life. The question being asked is whether studying abroad has any benefit to the students. I believe that college education is a prime time for individuals to have new experiences and learn more than just academics. I feel it provides an individual time to learn about

Employability and PDP Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 1

Employability and PDP - Coursework Example It is a transactional contract where continuous learning is essential to enhance performance. Compensation is based on explicit and discreet exchange for work. One has to be employable and one has to take responsibility for one’s career. One has to be willing to develop the personal and professional skills to enhance employability (Raybould & Sheedy, 2005). Knowledge becomes obsolete in no time and hence life-long learning is emphasized upon. Work is no more merely a source of income but a source of fulfillment (Romaniuk & Snart, 2000). Learning opportunities are available now which help in career development through self-directed planning. It is a transition from dependence to independence. However, this requires identifying the strengths, weaknesses, values and beliefs, preferences and interests. The shift from the traditional career to the modern career forms is challenging. This requires that I engage in self-reflection. It is essential that one is at the right job, which means the skills should match the job role. I would need to understand what exactly motivates me, what I expect from the company and what am I prepared to give. In fact, I think one should focus on what one can give to the company. Once we have the necessary skills and give our best, the results are bound to come. However, we must be ambitious, we must have a wish list, we must know the strengths that we can utilize and we must know how to rise up the career ladder. Salary is necessary only up to a certain point and beyond that contentment and fulfillment is what one seeks. I would strive to keep upgrading my skills through continuous learning. I would however not like to switch jobs for small raises. I do not consider that as a career progression. In fact this could be detrimental in the long run. As a l ong-term strategy, I would like to hone up my skills and focus on what gives me fulfillment. Careers and the labour market have changed

The Problem of Animal Consciousness Essay Example for Free

The Problem of Animal Consciousness Essay Do Horses Gallop in Their Sleep? By Matt Cartmill Let me propose a thought experiment. Imagine, if you will, that theres a certain clump of nerve cells in the brain thats essential for conscious awareness. Now suppose that a certain drug suppresses neural activity in just this nucleus, with no effect on the rest of the brain. Subjects who take this drug do things as usual, but they experience nothing. The drug converts them into sleepwalkers. Finally, imagine that Ive developed a new form of this drug, which has permanent effects. It abolishes consciousness forever, with no effect on behavior. I want to test it on you. How much will you charge to take it? I think the question answers itself. Spending your life as a sleepwalker is equivalent to being dead, and so you will charge me whatever price you would charge to commit suicide. I offer this thought experiment to dispel the notion that conscious awareness is too metaphysical and subjective a phenomenon for science to concern itself with. The phenomenon of consciousness is the source of all value in our lives. As such, it should be at the top of the scientiï ¬ c agenda. Yet despite its fundamental importance, consciousness is a subject that most scientists are reluctant to deal with. We know practically nothing about either its mechanisms or its evolution. In fact, many distinguished scientists and philosophers believe that consciousness has no evolutionary history, because they think that human beings are the only creatures that have it. Although most scientists will admit in private that our close animal relatives probably have mental lives something like ours (because, after all, they have bodies and brains and behavior that resemble ours), a lot of scientists are reluctant to say so plainly and publicly; and those who do can count on being accused of sentimentality and anthropomorphism. If you have a dog, you have probably had the experience of seeing your dog search out a favorite toy and bring it to you in hopes of getting you to play with him. Its hard even to describe these familiar experiences without saying things like, The dog was trying to ï ¬ nd his ball, or The dog wanted me to play with him. But scientists arent supposed to say things like that, at least when we have our lab coats on. If we discuss such things at all, we prefer to do so in some way that doesnt involve attributing intentions or any other mental states to the dog. There are at least two ways we can do this. First, we can use clumsy behavioral circumlocutions for mental language. Instead of saying, The dog looked for his ball until he found it, we can say something like, The dog exhibited repeated bouts of investigative behavior, which ceased after he contacted the ball. This somehow manages to suggest that the dog wasnt thinking about the ball while he was looking for it, and that he didnt perceive anything when he got it in his mouth. Second, if we ï ¬ nd these circumlocutions silly and tedious, we can adopt some variant of what is sometimes called logical behaviorism, in which the mental words are still used but they are redeï ¬ ned in terms of the probabilities of certain behaviors. In this view, a dogs intentions and desires and beliefs turn out, when properly understood, not to be something inside the dog, but theoretical constructs pinned on the dog by a human observer. Therefore, the human observer can know whether the dog has intentions and desires and beliefs, but the dog cant.

The African National Congress and the Fight Against South African Apart

The word â€Å"apartheid† means â€Å"separateness† in Afrikaans Language. Human Rights, according to â€Å"Article 1, UN Declaration of Rights† states that â€Å" All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. They are endowed with reason and conscience and should act towards one another in spirit of brotherhood†. The native Africans were being segregated from the whites and were treated as second class citizens. The black residents felt that the apartheid policies violated their rights. Human rights of South African natives were violated when a racial segregation system, called Apartheid, based upon skin color was established by the South African government. Although there were various international responses, the actions of such groups as the African National Congress displayed defiance and bravery in the midst of severe situations. Racial segregation and white domination had become main aspects of South African policy way before apartheid began. Although apartheid in South Africa technically formed in 1948, Africa’s history of racial oppression began as early as the mid-17th century. Unofficial apartheid began the moment when the Dutch East India Company set up a station on the Cape. South Africa is a country blessed with a plentiful abundance of natural resources. These natural resources being fertile farmlands and rare mineral resources. The climate resembles the San Francisco Bay Area more than any other location in the world. This is one of various reasons why the Dutch wanted to colonize it. South Africa was colonized by the English and Dutch in the 17th century. Dutch colonists, also known as Boers or Afrikaners, were controlled by the English resulting in the Dutch forming the new colonies of Orange Free State and Tran... ...ctions of such groups as the African National Congress displayed defiance and bravery in the midst of extremely tough situations. South African native’s rights were being violated because they were being treated poorly and harshly. If anyone tried to protest, even protest with peaceful means, they were either shot at or arrested. The ANC was developed to fight the battle against apartheid. Eventually, this fortunately led to the end of apartheid in 1994. The humanity of all people are diminished when any group is withhold of rights that our granted to others. Works Cited http://www-cs-students.stanford.edu/~cale/cs201/apartheid.hist.html http://www.history.com/topics/apartheid http://www.sahistory.org.za/liberation-struggle-south-africa/apartheid-and-limits-non-violent-resistance-1948-1960 http://www.un.org/cyberschoolbus/discrim/race_b_at_print.asp

The Constitution of Malaysia

Malaysia is known for its richness of multicultural and multi-racial country which is spread between Peninsular Malaysia, Sabah and Sarawak. Despite being one huge political unit, it has different set of rules and law to comply with. Malaysia law can be classified into various sources, mainly are written law, unwritten law and Muslim law. Written law comprises The Federal Constitution which is the supreme law of the land and State Constitution, a range of constitutions regulating the governments of thirteen states in Malaysia.Second written law is the Legislation law which is endorsed by Parliament and Legislative Assemblies at the federal and state level respectively. Final source of written law is the Subsidiary legislation as states in the Interpretation Act ‘any proclamation, rule, regulation, order, notification, by-law or other instrument made under any Ordinance, Enactment or other lawful authority and having legislative effect’. Malaysia has huge amount of subsid iary legislation.Subsidiary legislation is referred to law made through powers delegated by the legislature mainly Ministers and local authorities. Only Subsidiary legislation made in a proclamation of emergency under Article 150 of the Federal Constitution is accepted , other breaching of either a parent Act or the Constitution is voided. Unwritten law under the Malaysian law is the law which is not written or found in Federal and State Constitutions. It is also not endorsed by the Parliament or the State Assemblies.Unwritten law comprises of Judicial decisions of the superior courts Principles of English Law and Customs law. Judicial decisions using the systematical method called `doctrine of binding judicial precedent` at the High Court, Court of Appeal and the Federal Court followed by Supreme Court can still be found in Malaysian law. Nevertheless the decisions made by Federal Court and Judicial Committee of the Privy Council are still binding on the present court. Binding or p ersuasive is a process of adjudication, this is after argument and before the judge reaches the conclusion.The judge will formulate and apply a legal principle in accordance with certain rules to form a guide for future. The judge will provide reason for reaching a decision or the legal principles behind the decision; this may bind other similar disputes in future. Binding precedents depends on the court’s position in the hierarchy of the courts. These are binding until they are reversed or overruled, where else persuasive precedents are those which are not binding authorities. Another important unwritten law is the Principles of English Law.It consists of Common Law and Equity. The common Law is the body of rules developed by the old common law courts of England which no longer exist. It is established on customs common throughout England. On the other hand, Equity is the body of incomplete rules developed as a supplement to Common Law to correct defects and to reduce the ha rshness. Even though English Law forms part of the Malaysian law, the facts and rules stated are only part of the entire law of English common law and rules of Equity.Principles of English Common Law and rules of Equity received and applied in Malaysia Legal System is by virtue of the Civil Law Act 1956 (Revised01972) . Under Section 3(1) of the Civil Law Act, 1995 states that in Peninsular Malaysia, the courts shall apply the common law of England and the rules of equity as administrated in England on 7th April, 1956. As for Sabah and Sarawak, the courts shall apply the common law of England and the rules of equity, together with statutes of general application, as administrated or in force in England on 1st December 1951 and 12 December 1949 respectively.Application of common law of England is subjected to two limitations; firstly Local law takes priority over common law. Common Law is applied only in the absence of local statues. It is only meant to fill up gaps in the legal syst em in Malaysia. Secondly, part of common law which suits the local circumstances is applied. Common Law was initially introduced to the Straits Settlements through Royal Charters of Justice which was then extended to the Malay states through administrative arrangements. Finally the third unwritten law of Malaysian law is the Customary law.Malaysia is known as a multi-religious country, the multiracial local population of Malaysia is also a source of law which has been accepted by the Malaysian courts. Mostly family law limits, namely marriage, divorce and inheritance are given legal force by the courts of Malaysia. In peninsular Malaysia, `Adat` applies to Malays, there are two main diversities of Malay customary, the adat pepatih and adat temenggong. Adat pepatih is mainly known for the matrilineal system where else the adat temenggong is a patrilineal system of law.As for the Hindu and Chinese, prior to the enforcement of the Law Reform Hindu and Chinese customary law is applied t o Hindu and Chinese respectively. The Law Reform includes abolishing polygamous marriages, since then, Chinese and Hindu customs have become minimal to almost no effect as a source of law in Malaysia. In Sabah and Sarawak, native customary laws apply in land dealing over native customary lands and family matters where natives subject themselves to native customary laws. Other indigenous people of Malaysia apart from Sabah and Sarawak are the aborigines.There is an aboriginal customary law for the aboriginal people under the law of Malaysia. In contrast to the source of law discussed previously, Muslim law or Islamic law continues to grow in importance as another source of law just like the written and unwritten law as part of Malaysian law. Government policies of absorbing Islamic values in administration by introducing Islamic banking and Islamic insurance where Muslim law and Islamic principles are applicable is part of the renaissance of Islam in Malaysia.Also the Federal Constit ution has provided that State has the power to administer Muslim Law. The head of the Muslim religion in State is the Sultan. Muslim law is applied only to Muslims and the courts which enforce Muslim law are the Syariah Courts. Malaysian Islamic law is of the Shafii school jurisprudence, as modified by Malay adat, which was discussed under customary law, Malay adat law. This Islamic law falls into two main categories; the primary and secondary sources. Primary sources are Qur’an which is the Word of Allah and Sunnah is rules deducted from the traditions.The secondary sources are more to the means of discovering the law rather than source. These sources are Ijma which is consensus of jurists of any particular era on a juridical rule and Qiyas which are the deductions from reasoning by ijtihad or analogy. Initially Islamic law was not included in the definition of law; this was even after the independence of the Federation of Malaya. Federal Constitution was declared as the sup reme law . Before amendment in 1988, Article 121 Clause (1A) Syariah courts were excluded.However, upon recommendation from Alliance Party, a provision was added to the original draft of Reid Constitution Commission where Article 3 of Federal Constitution declares that ‘Islam is the religion of the Federation’. Article 3 appeared with necessary qualification that ‘other religions may be practiced in peace and harmony in any part of the Federation’. However there are clauses to ensure non-Muslim’s civil rights are also not affected. At any official functions, Islamic way of prayers is being offered.Islam being the official religion of the federation has two main consequences, firstly, the government (federal or state) may lawfully establish or maintain, or assist in establishing or maintaining, Islamic institution, or provide or assist in providing instruction in Islam, and incur the necessary expenditure for these purpose. Secondly, through annual Su pply Acts and Enactments, may spend money on the administration of Islamic law. Also in some of the cases for marriages where a non-Muslim is involved, Islamic law takes precedence over the common law.The religion of a child from previous marriage is determined by the parents of the child , in the case of where the consent is not given the minor will remain in the religion of the parent at the time of marriage . Furthermore polygamy marriages are allowed with judicial permission dependent upon application and court hearing should be with the existence of wife or wives. Judicial permission is requested only upon permission granted for marriages by the existing wife or wives. As Muslim Law is one of the main sources of law in the county, Malaysia became a member of Organisation of the Islamic Conference (OIC) when it was established in 1969.OIC is a major organization of Islamic States that voices and coherent Muslim opinion on issues which are affecting the Islamic States. Other asso ciations where Malaysia is involved will be ASEAN where Malaysia was one of the first five countries to establish ASEAN in 1967. It was established to work together amongst the members of the association to speedup the economic growth, social progress as well as cultural development jointly to strengthen and prosperous with peaceful in amongst Southeast Asian Nations.Also to support regional peace and stability for justice and the rule of law in relationship amongst the member’s countries, making sure it adhere to the principles of United Nations Charter. ASEAN also provides assistance amongst the members in form of training and research facilities in the educational, professional, technical and administrative spheres. Other Malaysian involvement in reference to Asia-Pacific concerning economic growth is APEC which aims to support sustainable economic growth and prosperity in the Asia-Pacific region. This is done by multiple different encouragement and enhancements.Apart from regional involvement, Malaysia does have collaboration with particular country which may not be part of ASEAN or APEC to jointly enhance for the benefits of both countries. Malaysia has jointly signed agreement to work together in multiple areas with many other countries. Malaysia has been involved in relationship with countries like China and India since before independence was declared in 1957. Till today Malaysia has been maintaining the well established relationship especially with these two countries by getting into agreement in multiple collaborations.Chinese is the second largest race in Malaysia followed by Indian since they were brought in by the British Empire before independence. Chinese migrated to Malaysia vastly as coolies in tin mining industry and rubber plantation. Although it is said that Chinese have been in â€Å"Malaya† since Malacca Empire in 15th Century . Today, 25% of the country populations are Chinese which are made up of various dialect groups suc h as the Hokkien, the Hakka, the Cantonese, the Teochew, the Hainanese, the Hokchiu and etc. who have intermarried extensively with each other.The Chinese have dedicated media and publication exposure for example daily newspapers, dedicated Chinese language radio stations and daily broadcast from all terrestrial television stations . Till date Chinese communities still perform traditional art, the lion dance and the dragon dance mainly during Chinese New Year. Chinese New Year is declared as a national public holiday where there Chinese celebrate the New Year by fulfilling most of the tradition and cultural activities. However the fireworks or firecrackers are part of the Chinese culture which has been ban in Malaysia due to safety reason .For the Chinese, apart from the myth that says firecrackers are to frighten away the â€Å"Nian†, it also signifies a joyful time of year which is an important element of Chinese New Year celebrations . On the other hand, the Indians starte d migration to Malaysia for the purpose of plantation labour, traders, policemen and colonial soldiers. Some English-speaking Indians were also brought to work in the British colonial government . However just like the Chinese, it is said that the Indians have been here from more then 500 years ago.Initially the Arabs and the Indians mainly the Indian Muslims from Gujerat came to Malaya as traders and merchants. Now the Indian population in Malaysia is 8% which is made up from Tamil, Malayalam, Telegu, Punjabi, Bengali, Gujerati and etc. Just like the Chinese, Indians also have dedicated media and publication exposure of daily newspapers, dedicated Indian language radio stations and daily broadcast from all terrestrial television stations. This is mainly in Tamil language as 80% of the Indian communities are the Tamils (South Indians) .Diwali aka Deepavali is the most significant celebration of Indian community where national holiday is acknowledged for. Fireworks during Diwali are to mark several significant , however in respect to the law it is not legally practiced in this country. Another tradition not being legally practice is gambling under Act 495 Betting ACT 1953. Among other tradition obstructed by the Malaysian law is the architecture of a Sikh Gurdwara should not have a dome to avoid the Muslims to mistaken that for a mosque .

Activity Series - Chemistry Glossary Definition

Activity Series Definition: The activity series of metals is an list of metals ranked in order of decreasing reactivity to displace hydrogen gas from water and acid solutions. It can also be used to predict which metals will displace other metals in aqueous solutions. Also Known As: Reactivity Series of Metals