Hypocrisy of Mr. Garner and Mr. Bodwin in Toni Morrisons Beloved Essay

The Hypocrisy of Mr. Garner and Mr. Bodwin in Toni Morrisons BelovedIn Toni Morrisons novel Beloved, twain Mr. Garner and Mr. Bodwin argon presented initially as decent custody, with views on the black race that differ from all the rest of the white men in the book. The readers first impression of to each one of these men is favorable. With further reading and thought however, the reader notices more and more details that tend to change their initial impression. By the end of the book both men seem to know lost their appeal. Even though there is really little said against Mr. Garner, and even less against Mr. Bodwin, it seems that Morrison was trying to cause very mixed opinions about each one of these characters. In the end, Mr. Garner seems no less racist than his fellow slave owners, and Mr. Bodwin, though opposed to slavery besides appears to be much more racist than he lets on. Mr. Garner is the owner of Sweet Home, the plantation where Sethe, her family, and another(pren ominal)s had been slaves before their escape. He is singled out from the rest of the white men right away. When his character is first introduced the narrator speaks of him fighting with other farmers about his slaves being men. Now at Sweet Home, my niggers is men every one of em. Bought em thataway, raised em thataway. Men every one he had told other farmers (Morrison 10). With this comment Mr. Garner was fishing for the reaction he loved to hear, I wouldnt have no nigger men round my wife., to which hed retaliate neither would I, neither would I(11). On the surface Mr. Garner is presented as a very estimable man. He ran a special kind of slavery, Baby Suggs had thought, treating them as paid labor (140). The way... ...s than noble. Both men seem to put on a mightier-than-thou air when in public, and try to appear as non-racist as possible. Yet Mr. Garner owns slaves, an obviously racist act, even if he does allow them more than other slave owners would. And Mr. Bodwin who claim s to be against slavery, and has fought to end it, displays in his own house a figure that embodies slavery. It appears that the only difference between other slave owners and Mr. Garner, is that they dont try and kill their racism or pretend theyre better than anyone else. Mr. Bodwin does not own slaves, and does not believe in the practice, but he is still racist as we post see from the figure in his house. Which of these is better? Who can say? But most people arent fond of hipocrits. Works Cited Morrison, Toni. Beloved. Markham, Ontario Penguin Books Canada Limited, 1987

Blood, Violence And Gore As Entertainment :: essays research papers

Blood, Violence and Gore As EntertainmentThe Texas Chainsaw massacre, Braineaters from outer space and Bloodfeastare every(prenominal) films were the title can speak for itself. The are films were abandon,blood and gore play an important role. It is obvious that someone has to action,but who?Since the dawn of man people check used violence for entertainment. InRome they had the Colluseum, nowadays we have the cinema. Violent films arebeing produced all the time, no one seems to care. Even though thither arent m whatsoeverpeople who are harmed from these films, there are a lot of children who do. Itis a question of separating reality and fiction, and that is a problem for manychildren. After the paneling films in the 1980s, there were a series ofchildren jumping off tall buildings, because they though they were Superman. Asyou grow older, this doesnt seem to be a problem any longer, even though therehave been incidents were adults have started to kill people after watching aviole nt film. An example of this is the controversial film indwelling Born Killers.Over twenty people lost their lives because of this film. In this film murderand violence are justified, and it is these films that equal children the most.Computer violence is a kind of new phenomenon. It was introduced with thelaunch of Wolfenstein in 1990. In Wolfenstein you are trapped in a maze amongan army of nazis. Youll have to kill your way out. This kind of violenceprobably has a deeper influence on children, because they do the killingsthemselves. It is interactive violence. In several countries the follow-up game,Doom, was banned. The software company claimed that it didnt have a negativeaffect on children, because they killed mutants, not humans.

Free Merchant of Venice Essays: Secular and Religious Views :: Merchant Venice Essays

Merchant of Venice - Secular and Religious Views   The secular and religious views of both, Antonio and Shylock, were portrayed very bluntly. The religious opinions of both characters were that their religion was superior to infidels and overly very stereotypical. In the business world, Antonio owned ships with valuable goods and was extremely generous. He always relied on their return to shore and expressed his faith in this book. On the new(prenominal) hand, Shylock was a greedy man and used the Bible for sources of interest to collect more money. Relating to religious views Antonio and Shylock were very parallel, but in means of business the two were reverses. "IShylock hate Antonio for he is a Christian. . . Antonio hates our sacred nation." This phrase said by Shylock, a Jew, is based on the beliefs of other Jews upon other Christians. Shylock is being very stereotypical because Shylock doesnt really know Antonio, Shylock heard of Jew-hating Christians, s o he thinks that all Christians hate Jews. Antonio happens to be a great man and Shylock didnt even give him a chance, he just hates Antonio for being of different religion. "The HebrewShylock leave alone turn Christian he grows kind." Antonio says this, idea that no Jews are kind, emphasizing naiveness. Then Antonio sees the Hebrew, Shylock, becomes amiable, so he believes thats impossible. So Antonio interprets the scenario as Shylock being Christianized, because he is becoming generous. This quotation shows how Antonio thinks that his religion, Christianity, is superior to Judaism. The old quotation illustrated how Shylock was stereotypical about Christians. Both characters have similar beliefs about other religions. "Why, fear not, man, I will not for felt it within these three months- thats a month before this bond expires-I do expect, return of thrice three times the value of this bond." This phrase was said by Antonio assure Shylock that his ship wit h all his goods will return with the interest that Antonio owes Shylock for borrowing money. This shows Antonios trust in his ship even though there were potent winds and high chances that his ship will be overturned. Antonio is very naive about the real world of business and no matter what happens he thinks he will be successful. On the other hand, Shylock is a wise business man, but very greedy.

Slavery in the United States Essay example -- Slavery Essays

Slavery in the United States In the history of the United States nought has brought more shame to the face of America than the cold, premeditated method of keeping black people in captivity. People from England who migrated to America used many disparate methods to enslave black people and passed them down through the children. These methods were quite effective, so effective that these slaves were kept in captivity for over two hundred long time in this country. It was the rain of terror that kept black people in fear of their lives for so long. The invention of the gun back in the fifth-teenth century was the main reason that these people were able to go to another continent and enslave so many people. These people from Af rica were mistreated very grownly right from the get off both mentally and physically. They were packed very tightly on ships for months at a time chained to each other with no place to go to the bathroom, little water to drink, and hardly anything to eat. As the population constantly increased in the colonies during the 1600s, so did the demand for slavery especially in the southern colonies where the grown plantations were. These plantations were very lucrative since the owners had free manual labor and they could keep all the profit from the crops for themselves. They also had to justify what they were doing to themselves so what they did was tell themselves that these slaves were barbaric and not pert enough to be civilized. These slave o wners also owned huge houses in the middle of their plantations and thought of themselves as noblemen. In acuality, it was the slaves who were live nobly while the Europeans were living barbaricly. The Europeans who owned slaves also thought that the sl... ...un power is what created slavery. Keeping the fear in the eyes of the slaves is what kept them working under such poor conditions everyday, while their friends and family could be sold away at any time or place. Learning English and being able to read and write is what educated these men and women. erst they were educated enough, they could secretly plan escape routes to the north and finally get some sympathy for their people which would eventually lead to the Civil War. This war was approximately right and wrong. There is a moral way to make money and then there is an immoral way to make a living. Slavery is the enumerate one event in our countrys history that has disgraced and put shame to our culture. Even though not everyone owned slaves, one bad apple spoils the bunch. Hopefully people will learn from history, and immoral actions or events like slavery will not take place again.

My Teaching Philosophy Statement Essay -- Education Teaching Teachers

My Teaching Philosophy Statement Education is defined as the lifelong process of acquiring knowledge, skills, and determine through either formal means, such as schooling, or informal means, such as firsthand experiences or vicarious experiences gained through reading books or discussions. Every person that is or demands to be a teacher has his or her own educational philosophy. We all have our own views, methods, and curriculum that we were taught when growing up. A lot of people may have the same teachers in school, but all of them learn different things from that teacher. As of right now, wanting to be a teacher, I do not have a set philosophy. I do know that I want to teach physical education. Physical education, I think, is a very important part of a students curriculum. This helps the students to be more active and to learn about how to keep their body cheeseparing for you(p) and fit. I think that younger kids should have physical education cla ss every other twenty-four hours or maybe even just devil days a week. Older kids should only have physical education class one or two times a week because around of them have a lot of energy when it comes to doing active things. When it is time for them to leave and go back to their classroom they do not want to go. They would rather stay on and play. Most people would disagree with me here but if you think about it, this way is better. All kids, young and old, get tired from physical activity. Younger kids you want to be tired, that way they will not be hyper in the classroom and run around causing trouble. Older kids, on the other hand, will savor and sleep through class if they get tired. Unlike younger children, they know that they can try to sleep a little bit before acquiring c... ...before they take a quiz or something, but down the road, a couple of months later if you give them a pop quiz they probably cannot find even half of the information. I know that t his is true because I used to do this on the day that I would have a Spanish phrase quiz. I would sit in my first period class and try and memorize all of the words in the chapter. Most of the time it worked and I got good grades on my quizzes. Being a teacher, I think, is one of the best professions that a person can go into if they really love kids. People will sound out to you do not be a teacher because that is the worst job in the world. They are wrong. If they want to sit at a desk all day and do the same things day after day, then go right on ahead because I would rather be the one to try and devote the children of our country on the right path to success.

My Teaching Philosophy Statement Essay -- Education Teaching Teachers

My Teaching Philosophy Statement Education is defined as the long process of acquiring knowledge, skills, and values through either formal means, such as schooling, or informal means, such as firsthand experiences or vicarious experiences gained through reading books or discussions. Every person that is or wants to be a instructer has his or her avow educational philosophy. We all acquit our own views, methods, and curriculum that we were taught when growing up. A lot of people may have the same teachers in school, but all of them learn different things from that teacher. As of just now, wanting to be a teacher, I do non have a set philosophy. I do know that I want to teach physical education. Physical education, I think, is a very important part of a students curriculum. This helps the students to be more active and to learn nigh how to keep their body healthy and fit. I think that younger kids should have physical education class every other day or maybe even just two days a week. Older kids should only have physical education class one or two measure a week because most of them have a lot of energy when it comes to doing active things. When it is time for them to leave and go back to their classroom they do not want to go. They would rather stay and play. close to people would disagree with me here but if you think about it, this way is better. All kids, young and old, get commonplace from physical activity. Younger kids you want to be tired, that way they will not be hyper in the classroom and run around causing trouble. Older kids, on the other hand, will try and sleep through class if they get tired. Unlike younger children, they know that they can try to sleep a small bit before getting c... ...before they take a quiz or something, but down the road, a couple of months later if you give them a wipe out quiz they probably cannot remember even half of the information. I know that this is true because I u sed to do this on the day that I would have a Spanish vocabulary quiz. I would sit in my first period class and try and memorize all of the words in the chapter. Most of the time it worked and I got good grades on my quizzes. Being a teacher, I think, is one of the best professions that a person can go into if they really recognize kids. People will say to you do not be a teacher because that is the worst job in the world. They are wrong. If they want to sit at a desk all day and do the same things day after day, then go right on ahead because I would rather be the one to try and put the children of our country on the right path to success.

Ethics Case Study Essay

What ar Ethics? Ethics are standards of behavior, developed as a result of ones concept of right and wrong (Judson & Harrison, 2010). Code of ethics is a list of principles that is intended to influence the actions of healthcare overlords within an organization. Ethical principles serve guide the decision- fashioning process among healthcare workers in complicated situations. This paper will review the assigned subject study and provide the reader with the respectable issues and principles.The case study discussed an 8-month old child brought into the emergency department by the mother due to inconsolable crying. It was report that the child had been crying since picked up at daycare. The entertain found that the childs vital signs were slightly elevated and childs thighs were edematous and warm to the touch. The assessment was then presented to the doctor concern was uttered that the child may soak up been injured. An x-ray was ordered revealing fractures to both femurs. The mother was informed of the findings by the atomic number 101 after speaking with the mother the atomic number 101 decided it was not child abuse and therefore, the situation did not need to be reported.The estimable issues involved in this case study are the halt and physicians responsibility to report suspected child abuse. Social services should make been consulted to assist in the process of inform the situation to small fry Protective Services (CPS). Hardy and Armitage state In all actions concerning children, the best interests of the child shall be a primary musing (2002, p. 109). In this case, the primary consideration was not in the best interest of the child. According to Judson and Harrison the physician has the responsibility to understand the tools for diagnosing and treating abuse and to be familiar with the available resources (2010). The nurse in this case has the ethical trade to report the physician for not having concern regarding a possible child abuse s ituation. Healthcare professionals have an ethical duty to expose unethical behaviors by other members of the healthcare field. nursing has progressed over the years into a respected and honorable profession. Insaf Altun (2008) states it best by saying, The six samara rolesof nursing are advocacy, promotion of a safe environment, research, participation in shaping health policy, in patient and health systems management, and instruction (p. 839). The two diagnose roles the nurse in this case study failed to provide for the patient are advocacy and promotion of a safe environment. If the nurse was using good lesson and professional judgment, he or she would have reported the situation immediately for the wellbeing of the child.Three of the ethical principles that are discussed are nonmaleficence, veracity and paternalism. The first ethical principle is nonmaleficence, meaning first do no harm (Judson and Harrison, 2010). A question asked by Milton and Cody (2001 p.290) was, How can one keep from doing harm if one acts without clear-sighted what the reality of the lived experience is for the person? In the case study, neither the nurse nor physician knows what happened to the child or the reality of the circumstances that led to fractured femurs. The healthcare professional would have upheld this ethical principle and the law by reporting the suspected abuse, thus doing no harm and protecting the child from further harm.Another ethical principle that the physician could have used is veracity. The ethical principle of veracity deals with the truth or truth telling (Henry, 2005). The physician in this case should have discussed the health status of the child with the mother, made a good moral judgment, and told the mother the incident must be reported to CPS the case could have been presented to the mother in a non-accusatory manner. The physician should have been reported for assuming the incident did not need to be reported. Furthermore, the nurse should hav e stepped forward and reported the incident, thereby promoting veracity on behalf of the case at hand.The third ethical principle in the case study to discuss is paternalism. At times paternalism viewed as a negative act because it allows healthcare providers to make decisions for the patients (Andre & Velasquez, 2008).The facts in the case study provide for an excellent example of when paternalism should be exercised. The nurse or physician in the case study could have used paternalism as a guiding ethical principle to do what was right for thesafety of the child by reporting the incident. The child has no voice to defend or protect him or herself and in this situation, the nurse should have advocated for the patient.The three ethical principles mentioned above are valued in my personal and professional life as a mother, nurse and student. The first ethical principle discussed nonmaleficence has been a personal value of mine throughout my life, used in all aspects of my life. The s econd ethical principle, veracity is maintained most of the time. I believe there are situations where telling the person the whole truth would not have an optimal outcome. The third ethical principle mentioned paternalism is used at times in my professional life as a nurse and in my personal life as a mother.The outcome of the case study could have been optimal for all involved the child, mother, nurse, and physician if the situation occurred at a childrens hospital. The likelihood of staff in a childrens hospital to have the proper training on signs of, diagnosing, treating, and reporting suspected abuse is much higher than an adult focused medical center.The American Association of Heart Failure Nurses incorporates ethical principles in the respect of betterment of care, education, and research to promote the best outcomes for patients with heart failure. One ethical principle used by the association is beneficence this principle is used by providing evidence-based research, tre atment, and education for patients and healthcare professionals. Using evidence-based medicine the association is giving optimal care for this patient population.Using ethical principles healthcare professionals can ensure they are making good moral decisions regarding care and treatment of patients. The ethical principles do not have to be a value of the healthcare professional, but must be upheld for the best interest of the patient.ReferencesAltun, I. (2008). Innovation in behavior patterns that characterize nurses. Nursing Ethics, 15(6), 838-840. Retrieved April 20, 2009, fromEBSCOHost database.Andre C. & Velasquez M. (2008). For your own good. Retrieved April 21, 2009, fromhttp//www.scu.edu/ethics/publications/iie/v4n2/owngood.htmlHardy, M., & Armitage, G. (2002). The childs right to consent to x-ray and mental imagery investigations issues of restraint and immobilization from a multidisciplinary perspective. Journal of Child Health Care, 6(2), 107-119. Retrieved April 20, 200 9, from SAGE database.Henry, L. (2005). Disclosure of medical errors Ethical considerations for the development of a facility policy and organizational culture change. Policy, Politics, & Nursing Practice, 6(2), 127-134. Retrieved April 21, 2009, from SAGE database.Judson, K. & Harrison, C. (2010). Law and ethics for medical careers (5th ed). New York,NY McGraw-Hill.Milton, C. & Cody, W. (2001). The ethics of bearing witness in healthcare A beginning exploration. Nursing Science Quarterly, 14(4), 288-296. Retrieved April 20, 2009 from SAGE database.

African Slavery

The following essay will describe the historical sequel study of African Slavery and also the basic human rights that were exploited from the African people between the 17th and 19th centuries. For five centuries Europeans went to Africa, took people by force then sold them to other European people in their countries. The Africans were captured in warfare or raids and loaded onto ships that traveled mostly over the Atlantic Ocean. They were forced to work as slaves to break the land and to labour on sugar, tobacco, coffee and cotton plantations.The slaves were kept chained together in the ships hold. They were put in very fine spaces and unable to move about. Disease was common aboard the ship in the unhealthy conditions where people were unable to go to the toilet. When slaves breakd they remained chained up until the crew took them away. Many Africans committed suicide instead of facing the brutal life as a slave. Most Africans captured this way were taken to the Americas. Afric ans that knew each other or spoke the same language were split up and all given European names.It was sheer luck whether the slave would be bought by a kind or a cruel master. They were either placed in the harsh work of a field slave or as a household slave doing the easier tasks. The younger the slave was the more money he or she would cost. They worked from dawn till dark and some would die from exhaustion. The women would sometimes have abortions or kill their babies to prevent their child from suffering the life of a slave. In the southern states, plantation owners explained to their slaves that they were free.Many chose to stay with their know and work as paid labourers. Back then freedom did not mean equality or fair treatment so blacks kept battle for human rights but struggled. Europeans quickly made laws that restricted and controlled the lives of black people and made necessary another century of struggle for civil rights. Slavery terminate in 1838 by the British who h ad made it illegal. Human rights back then compared to nowadays is changed dramatically for the better and we need to appreciate that.

Information System in Global Business Today Essay

1. What are the inputs, processing, and outputs of UPSs software tracking system?Inputs firstly, the scannable bar-coded should be pasted to the package, there are well-nigh knowledge on the scannable bar-coded, like the sender, the destination, and the time of the package arrive. And then, customer could get own labels by UPS. For example, people could go to the UPS web site and use specific software to download this information. The entropy off labels would be delivered to the UPSs computer centre that nearest final destination, before the package pick up. Furthermore, workers should download these labels information by using UPS software and establish well-nigh special delivery route for every driver people should consider some factors that affect package transmission, like traffic, weather conditions, and the location of every stop. Processing there are some points that through from the sender and the receiver.Bar code equipment could scan labels to get some package informa tion and send these data to the centre computer. By this way, customer also could check package information from web site, customer could check the data that extreme detailed, it contains delivery routes, calculates hipping route, determining time in transit, and so on. Outputs first of all, the data that collected from web site are transported to the centre computer and spine to the customers. Moreover, UPS also provides some tools that convenient customer to visit own web site, like Cisco system, it can be embed UPS function.

Music in My Life

Music in my life Can you think of a day without music? We can hear music e very(prenominal)where in the streets and at home, over the radio and on TV, in the shops and in the parks. People all(a) over the world be fond of music. They listen to music, they dance to music, they learn to play tuneful instruments. But what is music? Specialists explain that music isnt only a combination of pleasant sounds. There are a lot of different kinds of music. Some of them appeared huge ago, and some are advanced.For example, folk music appeared foresighted ago, scarcely it is still alive. There are many local performers, choirs and folk groups in Russia but mayhap the most famous singer is Nadezhda Babkina. Folk songs are very tuneful and pleasant to listen to. Classical music is often associated with the music of the past. However, this style similarly includes music being written now, and we may speak of modern classical music. Rap is a modern musical style where the singer speaks or s houts the voice communication in time to music with a steady beat. such artist as Eminem or group House of Pain are leaders in this style. Tastes differ. So peoples musical interests range from pop and rock music, which are extremely popular nowadays, especially among untried people, to classical music and opera. When I have melt time I listen to their records. I also worry having background music while I am working. Its a pity that many young people like to listen only to modern music. As for me, I also enjoy earreach to classical music. Classical music is always a complex of emotions.It gives me delight, pleasure and a sense of happiness. Not long ago I listened to the Polonez Goodbye to the nature land, composed by Oginsky. This music is sad, but I like sad music too. The music I detest is heavy metal. I find it noisy and dreadful. Though some young people are fond of this style of music, it is not to everyones taste. To my mind, music too deafening can destroy our ears. I am indifferent to other styles of music. For example, I dont mind listening to jazz. Each generation has its own tastes.Music in My purportMusic in my life Can you think of a day without music? We can hear music everywhere in the streets and at home, over the radio and on TV, in the shops and in the parks. People all over the world are fond of music. They listen to music, they dance to music, they learn to play musical instruments. But what is music? Specialists explain that music isnt only a combination of pleasant sounds. There are a lot of different kinds of music. Some of them appeared long ago, and some are modern.For example, folk music appeared long ago, but it is still alive. There are many local performers, choirs and folk groups in Russia but perhaps the most famous singer is Nadezhda Babkina. Folk songs are very tuneful and pleasant to listen to. Classical music is often associated with the music of the past. However, this style also includes music being written now, a nd we may speak of modern classical music. Rap is a modern musical style where the singer speaks or shouts the words in time to music with a steady beat.Such artist as Eminem or group House of Pain are leaders in this style. Tastes differ. So peoples musical interests range from pop and rock music, which are extremely popular nowadays, especially among young people, to classical music and opera. When I have free time I listen to their records. I also like having background music while I am working. Its a pity that many young people like to listen only to modern music. As for me, I also enjoy listening to classical music. Classical music is always a complex of emotions.It gives me delight, pleasure and a sense of happiness. Not long ago I listened to the Polonez Goodbye to the nature land, composed by Oginsky. This music is sad, but I like sad music too. The music I hate is heavy metal. I find it noisy and dreadful. Though some young people are fond of this style of music, it is not to everyones taste. To my mind, music too loud can destroy our ears. I am indifferent to other styles of music. For example, I dont mind listening to jazz. Each generation has its own tastes.

Negligance: New Haverford Partnership Essay

Plaintiff 1 is Elizabeth Stroot, a 33 year old graduate student who has suffered from allergies and asthma since childhood. Stroot was a renter at Haverford flatbeds. Plaintiff 2 is Joletta Watson, friend and roommate of Elizabeth Stroot and a tenant of Haverford apartments from 1990 to 1994. Defendant is New Haverford confederacy, the owner of Haverford apartments.FactsIn August 1992, Elizabeth Stroot and a roommate, Joletta Watson, moved into an apartment on the third floor of Haverford Place. (Case Law) While subsisting in this apartment with Watson, Stroot immediately discover take form around the windows and bathroom. Upon this discovery, Stroot begined to remove the mold with bleach, however, the mold keep returning. In addition to the mold, Stroot as well as discovered escapisms in her bedroom ceiling and in the kitchen and bathroom slouchs. About a year later, in family line 1993, Stroots roommate, Watson, moved out and Stroot moved into a one bedroom apartment in a different building within Haverford Place. After touching in, Stroot discovered that the bathroom ceiling in the new apartment also leaked. After keep thither for a few months, the leaks had ca exercised holes in the drywall and on that point was a black substance covering the edges of the holes. Whenever the shower was on in the apartment above Stroots, black water ran out of the holes. Stroot informed management and some efforts were do to fix the upstairs shower. No repairs were made in Stroots apartment. The landlord stated that the problem was caused by the upstairs tenants taking sloppy showers. A few months later, on May 6 1994, Stroot called emergency maintenance because the hold in her bathroom ceiling was expanding and had become very large. It was no longer just a leak she stated it was raining. Maintenance came to inspect her apartment and said that they would fix her apartment once the problem in the upstairs apartment was resolved. Ten years later, on May 16, 1994 , Stroots bathroom ceiling collapsed and her bathroom floor flooded with water from the ceiling. The now exposed ceiling and also the debris from the drywall were covered with black, green, orange, and white mold. Stroot stated that the room wasfilled with a strong and nauseating odor. Again, Stroot called emergency maintenance and they stated that they could not do anything until the following first light. Once morning came, Stroot could not breathe. Stroot contacted her doctor and he recommended that she get an ambulance and go to the hospital. After being released from the hospital that day, Stroot made the conclusiveness that she could no longer live at Haverford Place. collectable(p) to her suffering from allergies and asthma since childhood, while living at Haverford Place, Stroot was forced to go to the emergency room seven times from asthma attacks. Also, she had spent a contribute of nine days as an inpatient where she received intravenous steroids twelve times. Stroot incurred medical checkup expense in the amount of $28,000. Stroot sued New Haverford Partnership to recover restitution for their negligence in permitting the water leaks and mold to persist in her apartment for the cause of her medical issues. While Watson lived at Haverford Place, during the years of 1990 to 1994, she experienced many of the alike issues as Stroot had in her apartment. During the first few years of Watsons residency at Haverford Place, she traveled frequently and was not home that often. However, the pipe under her sink burst and her kitchen was flooded with hot water. Maintenance did fix this pipe but the cabinets remained damaged by the water. She also had water issues in her bathroom. There was a spread head in her tub between the tiles and the tub. Behind this gap was rotten drywall. Black mold was living behind the toilet, around the sink, on the ceiling and the windows were coated with a gummy substance. Watson attempted to remove the mold several times and it would continue to return. In 1993, Watson no longer traveled and was home more. During this time, Watson started to experience health problems. These problems include frequent headaches, sinus issues, chest pains, body aches, and fatigue. Watson went to he doctor and obtained medicine, however, she did not feel any better until she was no longer living at Haverford Place, six-spot months later. Watson had developed an allergy to Penicillium and suffered from permanent upper respiratory problems due to her moving picture to the mold.ProcedureThe plaintiffs, Stroot and Watson, brought the appeal on three theories of tort liability 1. normal or common law negligence base on Landlords alleged failure to maintain safe and sanitary conditions in the apartments,2. Negligence based on alleged violations of the New Castle County Code 3, 3. Negligence based on alleged violations of the Landlord Tenant Code. The jury of the trial hails found in opt of the plaintiffs on all thre e forms of negligence. The plaintiffs also offered testimony from several expert witnesses. The first expert witness is Dr. Yang, a mycologist and microbiologist. After inspecting Haverford Place, he stated that there was excessive and atypical mold growth in the apartment buildings caused by long term leaks. He opined the widespread mold contamination posed a health risk to tenants. The next, Dr. Johnanning, a physician board-certified in environmental and occupational medicine, also inspected and noted similar data from Haverford Place. He took blood samples from the plaintiffs and after analysis, he opined there was a high concentration of toxic mold at Haverford Place and this significantly and permanently increase the severity of Stroots asthma. He also stated that Watson developed an allergy to Penicillium and suffered from permanent upper respiratory problems as a result to her exposure to the mold. Dr. Gordon, a neuropsychologist, another expert witness, canvass the mental defects associated with the atypical molds. He evaluated Stroot and came to the conclusion that she suffers from significant cognitive impairment in the areas of attention, concentration, memory and executive functions. He opined these problems were permanent and were a result of her exposure to the mold. Dr. Rose, a physician board certified in pulmonary, occupational and environmental medicine also examined Stroot and opined that she had developed osteopenia as a result of her steroid use while living at Haverford Place. The last expert witness, Michael Lynn, an architect and partner in real estate due diligence firm performed a especial(a) property condition assessment at Haverford Place. He opined that the deferred maintenance on the buildings was excessive and the landlords failure to maintain the property was the proximate cause of the carbuncled and unsanitary conditions observed. The jury awarded Stroot $1,000,000 for personal injuries and $5,000 for property damage. Watso n was awarded $40,000 for personal injuries. Both Watson and Stroots awards were reduced by 22% for their level of contributory negligence.IssueWas New Haverford Partnership liable for negligence? Were the expertwitnesss testimonies reliable? Is the amount of the damage awards appropriate? Were the plaintiffs partially at fault due to their own negligence?HoldingThe landlord filed an appeal to the trial addresss outcome with claims of error in the plaintiffs allegations of the three causes of action in tort liability of the landlord, the opinions of the expert witness were deficient in several respects, and that the amounts awarded to Stroot and Watson were excessive. The Supreme Court held that New Haverford Partnership was negligent and the amounts awarded to Stroot and Watson was supported. The Supreme Court affirmed the trial courts judgment in favor of Stroot and Watson ReasoningThere was no error found in the trial courts decision to get the plaintiffs to pursue an ordinary, or common law, negligence claim and the jury found the landlord negligent due to failure to maintain the property allowing for unsafe and unsanitary living conditions and breaching the Landlord Tenant Code. The landlord owed the tenants a duty of care and the landlord breached that duty and due and the breach was the proximate cause of the tenants injuries. The court finds that the experts opinions were within the realm of scientific reliability and that the trial court acted with their realm of discretion in allowing them. In Delaware, the presumption is that a jury verdict is correct and just. The court has the authority to return a new trial if it believes that the verdict was based upon passion, partiality, prejudice, mistake, or misapprehension on the part of the jury. It also states that a verdict will not be set aside unless it is so grossly excessive as to show the Courts conscience and sense of justice and unless the injustice of allowing the verdict is clear. Therefore, prone the permanent nature of the Plaintiffs injuries as well as the physical and emotional suffering that Stroot and Watson will wipe out to endure the remainder of their lives, the court does not find the amount of damage awards to be unreasonable.Case QuestionsCritical Legal Thinking What is negligence? Do you regard the landlord was negligent in this font?Negligence is the failure to take proper care in doing something. Yes, the landlord was negligent in this case. They were aware of the major water leaks and mold issues and did not do anything to attempt to resolve the issues. With knowing the condition of the apartment buildings, they are required as a landlord to make the proper repairs to insure the buildings have safe and sanitary living conditions for their tenants. They were also aware of these conditions for at least four years. Business Ethics Did New Haverford Partnership act ethically in this case? Do you count Stroot was partially at fault in this case? No, I do not think New Haverford Partnership acted ethically in this case. Their appeal competition that the were not negligent, that the expert witnesses didnt have valid cases and that the damage awards were excessive goes to show that they do not have any sympathy for the damages they have caused and also that they are not responsible for the damages. However, I do believe Stroot is partially at fault. She continued to live at the apartments after she was aware of the conditions. She knew her health was at risk after her first visit to the Emergency Room. She ended up going an additional six times. Contemporary Business Do you think the award of damages in this case was appropriate? Why or Why not? I agree with the courts decision in the amount of award of damages. Stroot and Watson both will have to suffer from mental and physical issues for the remainder of their lives due to the exposure to the mold. They will have recurring medical expenses due to these issues and the amount of t he award will allow for payment of their future medical expenses and for personal damages. I do agree with the courts decision to reduce their awards by 22% for their own negligence. Watson and Stroot both lived in Haverford place for multiple years and were well aware of the issues and condition of the buildings. They chose to continue to live there even after the negligence of the landlord was well known after they did not repair the multiple issues they called in. Also, Stroot had to go to the emergency room seven times out front she decided not to live at Haverford Place.CitationsCheeseman, Henry. Business Law Legal Environment, Online Commerce, Business Ethics, and International Issues, 7th Edition. Pearson Learning Solutions. (Pg 772-773).New Haverford Partnerships v. Stroot and Watson, No. 549, 1999. Retrieved from http//courts.state.de.us/

Discuss the problems of the Central Business Districts of MEDC cities

In this essay I give be writing about the telephone exchange Business regularise (CBD), its problems, and possible solutions to them. withal I lead show how the CBD relates to the Burgess and the Hoyt models.The main things that be located in the CBD are shops, department stores, and office blocks. The main functions of the CBD are commerce, employment and entertainment. The CBD has the widest range of shops, and the highest amount of department stores, as it is very densely populated during the day. People come to the CBD for shopping, as you will admit no issue finding what you are looking for.In the CBD lots of businesses hold in their offices in that location. For example solicitors, banks etc.The entertainment is similarly located in the CBD. Theaters, cinemas, nightclubs etc. are all located in the Central Business District because it is very highly populated in the evenings/nights. A good example is Londons West End.The CBD is located in the same place on both Bur gesss and Hoyts models which is in the middle of the metropolis. (As shown on the diagrams below.) It is located there because it is easily accessible and most of the cosmos transport meets there.Central BusinessDistrictCentral BusinessDistrictThe CBD faces many severe problems due to the high density of battalion, cars etc. Many of those problems are trying to be solved by the government, only if unfortunately so far they have not been successful.One of the major problems is occupation congestion. Traffic congestion is a very big problem that causes not still jammed streets, and delays but also pollution, which is another big problem. Traffic congestions is caused by the fact that the streets and paths where laid implement before the car was invented. Back then horse-carriages were in use and the roads were not getting jammed.The other thing that causes this problem is the very high self-possession of cars. Many pack own more than one car. Many roads are being gridlocked f or many minutes or sometimes even hours.Also lots of shops , services and offices are located in the CBD so people want to get to them, so the roads are congested.Some solutions have been essay to solve the problem. These includeRing roads, by-passes that divert the traffic from the CBD and instead go around it. It may drawm that it would handle longer, but that is not the case, as in the CBD you bottom of the inningnot travel fast, there are traffic lights, etc. but on the motorway there are no traffic lights and you can travel a lot rapid so you take less time then you would if you travel through the CBD. An example of a ring-road is the M 25 going around London. It is so successful the government is planning to expand it so each side has 6 lanes, instead of the 3 it has now.Another solution proposed by me, is the banning of gravid lorries from going through the CBD as they take up lots of station and cause congestion. That way there will be more space for cars, and lorrie s do tend to block streets while turning, etcAlso I deal that multistory car park and park and ride schemes would help to reduce the traffic in the CBD. It would help because people would park their cars in a multistory car park or the would park it on the suburbs of the city and ride to the CBD using public transport, that not only would still them time, but also money because parking in the CBD is very expensive, and its enceinte to find a space.In Rio de Janeiro in brazil nut they have a scheme in which on Mondays, Wednesdays, and Saturdays only cars with an odd last number plate are allowed to drive in the CBD and on the remain last 3 days, Tuesdays, Thursdays and Saturdays. On Sunday anyone can drive. I think that this method of diminution cars in the CBD is good and successful for cities in LEDC countries because people can only just about afford one car let alone two. Thats why this would not be doing so well in MEDC countries such(prenominal) as Eng solid ground, becau se people can afford two cars, one with an odd number plate and one with an even number plate so they will be able to drive on any day of the week.The solution attempted by the Mayor of London is Congestion Charging. Basically you have to take over 5 pounds so that you can drive into the CBD. This method has been successful in one-way, but yet still there are a lot of cars in the CBD, although some people do choose to go around now, that they have to pay, or they choose to travel by the public transit.I also think that if the government invested some money into improving the public transport drastically, then probably more and more people would choose to travel by it, recognising that it is faster than travelling by car and not so gross.Also another solution that I think would be successful is car sharing. For example I think that some people go to 2 places that are really close to each other, and yet still they take 2 cars, when they could take only one. That would help because t here would eventually be less cars around, so there will be less traffic jams, so people will see that it is a good idea because they get to work on time, or mayhap even they can sleep for another 10 minutes or so.Furthermore I think that pedestrianization of certain high streets is a good idea. For example Bond Street in London. That way it will encourage people to take the public transport as they wont be able to go on that road in their car anyway, and the pedestrians will have more space so they will move about more freely. Also allowing only black taxis and busses on to certain roads is a good suggestion, because it will also encourage people to take the public transport.In addition I think that introducing bus lanes is an excellent scheme, because the busses wont be stuck in the traffic jams, and they will take up less space because they will have to keep to their lane. That way more people might step up to travel by busses, as they will see that it is quicker. This will resu lt in the number of cars on the road to decrease.The second chief problem the CBD is facing is pollution. Pollution is the air that is pollute but also water, land, noise and garbage in the streets.Polluted air causes many diseases such as asthma and bronchitis. Not only it is not healthy for us to breathe in, but also it doesnt look to appealing when car fumes are floating everywhere.Vehicle fumes, especially petrol and diesel, mostly cause polluted air. Cars are the biggest air polluted in the CBD, as there are thousands of them. Traffic congestion makes the pollution even worse because while the car is stopped, it r releases more fumes than it does whilst moving.The government are tackling this problem, but so far they do not seem to succeed in it. In my opinion there are quite a few solutions to this dilemma.Firstly I think that banning heavy lorries (as I mentioned before) is a very good way of reducing pollutions as they give of many fumes and most of them run on diesel, whic h is very bad for the environment. That way fewer fumes will be released so it will be healthier to live/work there.Secondly I think that if all the busses were running on methane, then it would release less virulent fumes than diesel. Methane is more environment friendly than petrol or diesel and it wont be so destructive to the surroundings.Thirdly I propose that people start to use bikes more than they do now. For example they could get to work by bike rather than by car. That way not only it would be bring out fro the environment, but also the people will work on their fitness, and some might find it highly entertaining. In Japan, China, and S/N Korea many people travel by bikes. Bikes are the mean form of transport over there and the atmosphere is cleaner.In addition I think that increased road sweeping can be successful. If the government invested more money into the cleaning processes of the CBD then it would help to solve the problem of pollution. If we had more road sweep ers employed and maybe a higher pay for them then the CBD will ultimately be cleaner and the pollution level will drop (hopefully). Like they do in Holland. Also there is lots of garbage left lying around the streets at the end of the day left by coffee shops, cloths stores, restaurants etc. that should be cleaned up immediately, because it attract lots of diseases and looks unpleasantly.Another solution to undertake this problem is to enhance the tree and shrub planting. I think that would be successful, because trees and shrubs photosynthesis producing oxygen so they make the air cleaner. That way we could have more hedges, grass areas etc. and the air will be cleaner.Noise pollution can be sometimes unbearable as well. It is mostly produced by cars, lorries motorbikes etc. There arent many solutions to this problem. The main thing is to reduce the amount of vehicles driven in the CBD and this is linked with traffic congestion.The further difficulty the CBD faces is the high cost of land. The land in the CBD is very expensive because lots of shops and businesses locate their stores/offices and its become very cramped. Because of this, the competition some traders have had to leave and re-locate their business out-side the city center. Every business wants to set up there because all the people go there either for shopping, work or entertainment, also its easily accessible.One of the solutions I would attempt is to start building high-rise office blocks on a small area, but tall. That way we save space and money because we only pay for the space we take up on the ground. So now more offices can situate their offices in the city center.Another solution for this conflict is the building of out-of-town shopping centers in the suburbs or the rural-urban fringe. They need to take up lots of space so the land is cheap there so they have the money to build there stores there. People then travel there to and back. This process is called decentralization. Also most of them have free parking which is very attractive to customers, as they dont like paying for the parking space.In conclusion I think that the solution to the CBDs problems are hard to implement because the CBD is very crowded big, and it involved lots of co-operation from all of the people.Furthermore I dont think the CBD will ever get rid of its problems because it will lead to get bigger and the amount of cars/shops/businesses etc. will always grow, and so will the competition, so it will be impossible to get ride of urban decline , pollution, traffic congestion etc.

Marketing and Branding Coco Chanel

1.0 IntroductionThe survival of loadeds in the global merchandise is related to their authority to identify spots that put up respond to consumers needs. In this context, a successful put up is able to secure organisational growth even in periods of strong mart turbulences (Doyle, 2009). However, the popularity of a place in markets worldwide is non guaranteed for example, it is possible for a vane to face low popularity in a market even if in close to markets the response of consumers to the particular flaw is impressive (Doyle, 2009). In separate words, certain particularors such as culture and social ethics can affect the operation of brands in the international market (Davis, 2010). This study focuses on the performance of a well-known brand coconut Chanel. The special brand appe ard in earlyish 1900s and was ab initio related to clothing accessories, such as hats (Siddiqui, 2014). Through the years the brand incorporated clothes and jewellery, becoming a symbol of proud quality and funny style (Siddiqui, 2014). The characteristics of the particular brand and its performance, as part of the path industry, are analysed below. Emphasis is given to the brands environment but overly to the strategies through which the brand has secured its market position. It is revealed that the brands success resulted from the combination of a series of strategic approaches. The economic and social conditions in markets worldwide during the 20th carbon had also a key role in the brands rapid expansion internationally. Under these terms, the brand has contributed in the increase of attractiveness of the fashion industry and the transformation of lavishness convergences to elements of daily life style.2.0 coco palm Chanel as a brand 2.1 Overview of coco ChanelIn order to identify the performance of the brand as part of the fashion industry it is necessary to refer primarily to the brands history, i.e. to the events that stir led to the establishment of the brand and the strategies on which the caution of the brand has been based through the decades. coconut tree Chanel is a brand closely related to the life of its author Gabrielle Chanel has been the child of a poor family in her early years Gabrielle had to face the death of her m other(a), an event that led Gabrielle to work as a singer in a cabaret in Paris (Siddiqui, 2014). There, Gabrielle, having give-up the ghost known with the make out Coco, met her setoff husband who assisted her in opening in 1909 a shop that specialised in hats (Siddiqui, 2014). In a fewer years, after the end of the World War 1, Coco Channel entered the fashion industry by developing clothes of high quality. These clothes were characterised by straightforward lines and persistence in colour black and white were extensively used creating a rum identity for the particular brand (Siddiqui, 2014). Through the years, the brand was expand incorporated jewellery and inwardnesss, such as the Chan el No5, the brands more or less successful product ever (Siddiqui, 2014). The success of the brand has been related to the ability of Coco Channel to pay attention to the needs of people and to understand the changes in social and cultural trends, as positive globally (Graj, 2013). In any case, the brand has been characterised by its strong dependency on the personal views and beliefs of Coco Chanel, a accompaniment which is make clear through the brands logotype the initials of Coco Chanel have been combined for creating a logo that gives the sense of a signature of its creator (Figure 1, Appendices).2.2 Key competitors of Coco ChanelAs already noted, Coco Chanel is whiz of the most powerful competitors in the global fashion industry. The brand is part of the luxury fashion sector, a sector which is characterized by the dominance of 10 brands. Different views have been developed in date to the position of these brands in the relevant hierarchy. In the table included in Figure 2 (Appendices) two of these views are presented the number 1 view refers to 12 dominant brands of the specific sector while the second view focuses on 10 of these brands as the most powerful ones. Particular furiousness should be made to the spare-time activity fact the first inclination of an orbit, the one included 12 brands refers only to the luxury clothing sector while the second list presents the give 10 fashion brands worldwide. From this view, the brand under examination would be considered as more relevant to the first list. However, the second list is important for thought the competitive environment in the fashion industry in general. In addition, the two lists reveal an important fact Chanel has managed to secure an important position not only as a fashion brand but also as a luxury clothing brand, being categorized at the twenty-five percent and the fifth position accordingly (Figure 2, Appendices). The lists presented in Figure 2 also reveal the significant pow er of certain brands that are included in both(prenominal) lists brands such as Louis Vuitton, Prada, Dior and Gucci seem to be the most critical competitors for Coco Chanel since they have managed to be popular both as fashion brands and as luxury clothing brands (Figure 2, Appendices). According to a report published by the Luxury Institute Chanel is one of the top luxury brands worldwide. In fact, in the survey developed by the above Institute most participants seemed to prefer Chanel in the particular survey Louis Vuitton ranked second while Prada ranked third (Carr, 2012).2.3 Brand performance2.3.1 apply trade mix (4ps)The performance of the brand in its industry could be made clear after reviewing the key elements of the market outline employed for the progress of the particular brand. In practice, emphasis is given to four of these elements, which as also known as 4Ps (Burrow, 2008). The particular elements constitute a quite known good example, the marketing mix (Burr ow, 2008). The 4Ps included in the marketing mix refer to specific aspects of a marketing strategy. At the first level, reference is made to Product. The term Product, as part of the marketing mix, reflects not only an object, as a materialised element, but also the various characteristics of the object/ product, such as value, packaging methods and materials and brand name (Lamb and McDaniel, 2011 47). Place is the second element of marketing mix the specific term denotes the geographical area in which the product is available or in which the product is planned to entry (Lamb and McDaniel, 2011). The term Place also reflects the means used by a firm for distributing its products internationally or locally (Fifield, 2008). The success of a product in a particular market is depended on the Promotion strategy used, i.e. on the means and the approaches employed for making the stone pit consumers aware of the specific product (Satit et al., 2012). Finally, the Price of a product has to be decided taking into precondition various factors, such as the GDP in the designate market, the markets demographic characteristics/ average income and the status of the local economy (Lee, Cheng and Chen, 2008). If the marketing mix used in regard to a product is not suitably planned, then target consumers would not be expect to buy the product. The relationship between the marketing mix and the consumer preferences is presented in Figure 3 (Appendices). On the other hand, marketing mix should be structured in such way so that it can respond to actual consumer needs, as these needs are reflected in the 4Cs framework the relationship between the two frameworks is presented in Figure 4 (Appendices).The issues highlighted above should be used when describing the marketing mix of Coco Channel. At the first level, in terms of its Product, the particular brand is characterised by exceptional quality (Ma, 2014). In fact, quality involves in all aspects of the brands product, meaning not only the materials of the products but also the materials used in the products packaging (Ma, 2014). For example, in the case of Chanel No.5 the uniqueness of the product was secured by employing an innovative name and by exploitation a unique synthesis of aromas (Sicard, 2013). Also, the specific brand is related to a country well known for the quality of its cosmetics and clothing France (Ma, 2014). The emfs of the brand to be grow worldwide have been limited because of the following need many of the brands products had to be supported by appropriate customer services schemes. Therefore, the merchandising points of the brands products are selected on the basis whether they can have a direct and close reference to France, as the source of these products (Ma, 2014). In regard to its Promotion strategy the specific brand can be characterised as unique common marketing options are combined with less popular marketing approaches for attracting the consumers come to. For exampl e, in its initial phase the marketing of Chanel No.5 has been based mostly on word of mouth marketing (Sicard, 2013 159). In addition, the advertisements related to the specific brand are likely to be included in media and press that are quite popular in the fashion industry, as for example Elite and Vogue (Ma, 2014 48). However, the high quality of the brands product has been secured by adopting high Prices, an approach which is considered as expected by which has set limits to the increase of the brands popularity (Ma, 2014).2.3.2 Segmentation, targeting and situation (STP)For ensuring the effectiveness of a marketing strategy used for promoting a brand marketers need to develop three, key, activities naval division, targeting and positioning (STP). As part of marketing, Segmentation reflects the ride of marketers to watershed a market into parts/ segments each of these segments would refer to consumers with common characteristics, such as age, marital status and so on (Cant e t al., 2009). By segmenting a market marketers are able to develop marketing strategies that would be welcomed by the target consumers (Cant et al., 2009). However, in order to respond to the expectations of marketers, segmentation needs to be following by targeting. In the context of marketing the term targeting is used for showing the identification of the market segments that will be addressed by a marketing strategy (Boone and Kurtz, 2013). For example, the decision to address only teenagers among the people living in the target market is an example of targeting. As for positioning, the specific term is used for showing the effort of marketers to place a product in the mind of consumers (Boone and Kurtz, 2013 98). Different approaches are likely to be used by marketers to grasp positioning, as this activity can secure consumer loyalty (Boone and Kurtz, 2013).In the case of Chanel, STP could be achieved by using various approaches. For example, in regard to the particular brand market segmentation could be based on the views of consumers in regard to luxury products. This means that global market would be divided into parts based on the expected perceptions of consumers on luxury products the evaluation of these perceptions could be based on luxury value as of its various dimensions (Figure 5, Appendices). The market segmentation for Coco Chanel could be also based, alternatively, on the frequency of use of luxury products (Ciornea, Pop and Bacila, 2012, Figure 6, Appendices). Targeting and positioning for the particular brand could be developed using similar criteria. More specifically, in regard to targeting the marketers of Coco Chanel should take into consideration the following fact due to the high prices of its products the particular brand could not target all social groups, as could be developed using targeting. For example, teenagers would not be an appropriate target group for the brands products. As of positioning also there are certain issues t hat should be addressed so far the brand has become synonym of quality also, since its appearance in the market the brand has been among the top brands in its industry. Therefore, the best approach for positioning this brand would emphasise on products class and on price/ quality (Boone and Kurtz, 2013 298).2.3.3 Brand caseWhen referring to brand illustration reference is made to the graphical elements used for presenting the brand to the worldly concern. For example, intensive colours could be used in a brands logo for attracting the attention of consumers (Shimp and Andrews, 2013). In addition, symbols that denote a particular characteristic of a brand could be employed for making the brand more attractive to the public (Kumar, 2009). In order for a brands illustration to be successful it should not follow common patterns, especially those related to the industry complex (Kumar, 2009). In any case, the logo of the brand has not necessarily to reflect the role of the brand in th e industry but it needs to offer a view on the brands culture, as this culture would show to the public the values and ethics on which the creation of the brand has been based. The logo of Coco Channel is based entirely on the name of its creator. The design and the elements of the specific logo aim to show the close relationship between the brand and its creators values simplicity is also another issue highlighted through the logo of the above brand (Figure 1, Appendices). From this point of view, it could be supported that the brand illustration used in the case of Coco Channel can be characterized as quite successful, promoting simplicity and showing the critical role of the brands creator in brands success.2.3.4 Detail evaluation, critical perspective SWOT analysisAs with most business strategies the effectiveness of a firms branding decisions is usually decided after checking the characteristics of the brand involved the performance of the brand in its market has also to be ta ken into consideration for deciding whether a brand has been successful or not (Davis, 2010). In the case of Coco Chanel the SWOT framework could be used for evaluating the brands performance. The Strengths of the particular brand are mostly related to its brand name and its relationship to quality (Carr, 2012). In fact, the specific brand has managed to establish a unique culture, a culture based on the spirit of its creator (Kapferer, 2008 252). In the context of this culture, high quality in clothing would be considered not as an exceptional condition but rather as part of daily life (Kapferer, 2008). The high expansion of the brand in the global market, as compared to other luxury brands, is another important strength of the brand (Carr, 2012). However, the brand has an important Weakness the price of its product is quite high, not allowing a high ploughshare of consumers to buy the brands products (Carr, 2012). On the other hand, the particular brand meets all the requirements of a luxury brand (Figure 7, Figure 8, Appendices). This means that the specific brand has important Opportunities for future growth. Still, there is the problem of continuous recession. Economic turbulences in the global market could result to the limitation of profitability of luxury brands, a fact that would be a severe Threat for the particular brand (JWT, 2009).2.4 Brand valueThe achievement of profit, at a pre-specified level, is the key target of a brand, at least for brands used in businesses (Larson, 2012). In this context, a business can significantly enhance its value using one or more brands (Larson, 2012). When having to number the value of the brand several issues can appear the exact profit achieved by using a brand cannot be measured since the gain from employing a brand can result either in the short term or the long term. Also, this gain may not be always fiscal the improvement of a firms image in the market is an example (Davis, 2010). Therefore, for measuring the value of Coco Chanel, as a brand, a intricate model would be employed the valuation framework used by BrandFinance, an organisation based in UK (Davis, 2010 44). The particular framework is based on the following method a firm estimates the level of the sales it should achieve in the future, for securing profit then a royalty rate is set for achieving the above target (Davis, 2010 44). This royalty rate can be used for estimating the current value of the brand, which is the actual brand value (Davis, 2010). The measurement of the brand value using the BrandFinance framework is made clear through the diagram in Figure 9 (Appendices).2.5 Importance of Coco Channel for the industrySince its introduction, the specific brand has achieved the following target it has made luxury products more attractive to consumers. More specifically, in the 1920s, when the brand first appeared, women had to face the severe consequences of the World War I widows were increased and the interest for hi gh quality clothing was quite low (Siddiqui, 2014). The appearance in the market of the products of the particular brand, such as the short black dress and the perfume Channel No.5 (Siddiqui, 2014), introduced a new era for the relationship between consumers and the fashion industry. Since then, fashion products and luxury products have become quite attractive as this fact has been reflected to the radical expansion of luxury brands worldwide (Figure 2, Appendices). In addition, the particular brand managed to cover the gap between fashion and the other industries. Indeed, up to the appearance of the brands products in the market the hierarchy of importance as of the industrial activities worldwide had a standard format manufacturing and transport industries were mostly valued, as of their potential to cover peoples needs (Kapferer, 2008). Since the introduction of the brands products in the market the perspectives for growth in regard to fashion and luxury products were made clear. Entrepreneurs worldwide were initiated to invest in the particular sectors, a fact that enhanced competition and kept quality standards high (Kapferer, 2008).3.0 ConclusionThe performance of Coco Chanel as a brand can be characterised as high. In fact, as proved through the analysis made above the particular brand is one of the most powerful in the global fashion industry. The position of the brand in the luxury sector is also significant, an achievement that denotes the brands potentials to achieve further growth. The establishment of a unique culture has been proved to be the approach through which the particular brand secured its success. Indeed, the creator of the brand, Coco Chanel, managed to convince the women in her era that style and quality should be parts of their life style. At the same time, through the particular brand the independency of style from complex forms was achieved sooner of emphasising on heavy and multi-coloured clothing Coco Chanel preferred to use simp le lines and just two colours white and black. This approach made the brand Coco Chanel to distinguish in consumers minds. A similar approach was followed in regard to the other products of the brand simplicity and innovation have been the key elements of the brands products up today. In this context, the success of the brand as revealed through the examination of all its aspects could be considered as expected. In the future, further growth could be achieved on the basis that brands culture would remain at the centre of the brands strategies.4.0 References Boone, L. and Kurtz, D. (2013) Contemporary market. Belmont Cengage Learning.Burrow, J. (2008) Marketing. Belmont Cengage Learning.Cant, M., Strydom, J., Jooste, C. and du Plessis, P. (2009) Marketing Management. Cape Town Juta and Company Ltd.Carr, T. (2012) Chanel, Zegna top competitors for perceived brand experience study. Luxury Daily. addressable from http//www.luxurydaily.com/chanel-achieves-best-perceived-customer-experi ence-study/ Accessed 20 celestial latitude 2014.Chanel (2014) Organisational website. Available from http//www.chanel.com/en_US/ Accessed 20 December 2014.Ciornea, R., Pop, M. and Bacila, M. (2012) Segmenting Luxury Market Based on the grammatical case of the Luxury Consumed. Empirical Study on Young Female Luxury Consumers. International Journal of Economic Practices and Theories. 2 (3). P.143-153.Davis, J. (2010) Competitive Success, How Branding Adds Value. Hoboken John Wiley & Sons.Doyle, P. (2009) Value-based Marketing Marketing Strategies for Corporate Growth and Shareholder Value. Hoboken John Wiley & Sons.Fifield, P. (2008) Marketing Strategy Masterclass. London Routledge.Graj, S. (2013) Coco Chanel Personal Branding Legend. Forbes. Available from http//www.forbes.com/sites/simongraj/2013/02/20/coco-chanel-personal-branding-legend/ Accessed 20 December 2014.Hanzaee, K., Teimourpour, B. and Teimoupour, B. (2012) Segmenting Consumers Based on Luxury Value Perceptions. Middle- East Journal of Scientific Research. 12 (11). P.1445-1453.Kapferer, J. (2008) The Luxury Strategy Break the Rules of Marketing to Build Luxury Brands. London Kogan foliate Publishers.Khan, E. (2014) Fashion Brands of the World Top 10. Wonderlist. Available from http//www.wonderslist.com/top-10-fashion-brands-of-the-world/ Accessed 20 December 2014.Kumar, A. (2009) Marketing Management. New Delhi Vikas Publishing House Pvt Ltd.Lamb, C. and McDaniel, C. (2011) Essentials of Marketing. Belmont Cengage Learning.Larson, C. (2012) Persuasion Reception and Responsibility. Belmont Cengage Learning.Lee, Y., Cheng, S. and Chen, C. (2008) Use of the 4Ps Model to try out Differences between Generic and Brand Marketing Strategies. The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning. 4 (2). P.221-244.Listovative (2014) Top 12 Best Luxury Clothing Brands in the World. Listovative. Available from http//listovative.com/top-12-best-luxury-clothing-brands-in-the-world/ Accessed 20 December 2014.Ma, T. (2014) Professional Marketing and Advertising Essays and Assignments. Tony Ma.Pour, B., Nazari, K. and Emami, M. (2013) The effect of marketing mix in attracting customers Case study of Saderat Bank in Kermanshah Province. African Journal of Business Management. 7 (34). P.3272-3280.Sambamoorthi, N. (2012) Big Data, Data Mining, Predicting Modeling and Visualizations. Available from http//blog.crmportals.com/my-blog/page/24/ Accessed 22 December 2014.Shimp, T. and Andrews, C. (2013) Advertising Promotion and Other Aspects of coordinated Marketing Communications. Belmont Cengage Learning.Sicard, M. (2013) Luxury, Lies and Marketing Shattering the Illusions of the Luxury Brand. Basingstoke Palgrave Macmillan.Siddiqui, H. (2014) What makes the House of Chanel a successful fashion brand. Dawn. Available from http//www.dawn.com/news/1127969 Accessed 20 December 2014.So, S., Lui, E., Yau, V., Kan, R. and Li, T. (2013) Luxury Goods Industry Analysis. Available from http//www.slideshare.ne t/vy1230/luxury-goods-industry-analysis-2013 Accessed 20 December 2014.

Nature of Public Administration Essay

Before we discuss about the meaning, definition, nature, scope and importance of exoteric administration we will try to know what is administration, brass section and management. As these terms are often apply interchangeably and synonymously, it is pertinent to know the differences and distinctions between these three terms. According to William Schulze formation is the force, which lays down the object for which an makeup and its management are to strive and the broad policies under which they are to operate.An Organisation is a combination of the demand human beings, materials, tools, equipment and working space, appurtenances brought together in systematic and effective co-relation to accomplish some desired object. direction is that which leads guides and directs an organisation for the accomplishment of pre-determined object. To put the above in simple terms, administration sets the goal, management strives to attain it and organisation is the machine of the management fo r the attainment of the ends determined by the administration.Some scholars have a different construe about the administration and management. According to Peter Drucker management is associated with the business organisation activity, which has to show economic performance, whereas administration is associated with the non business activities like activities of the Government. The other view is that administration is associated with performing routine things in known settings in treaty with certain procedures, rules, and regulations.The Management is associated with performing functions like risk taking, dynamic, creative and innovative functions. Some scholars of Public Administration are closely associated with the first view that is, administration is a determinative function. Management, on other distribute is an executive function that is primarily concerned with carrying out the broad policies laid down by the administration.

Key Benefits And Challenges Of An Integrated Approach To Working With Children With Additional Needs And Their Families In An Early Years Setting.

IntroductionMany families who catch nipperren with surplus take often fear sending their pip-squeakren to mainstream schools (Wang 2009). Such p bents often fear that their children entrust not be treated equally in mainstream school, and in any case worry approximately how fountainhead their specific require hind end be met (NCSE 2011). As such they often place them in superfluous climbs with low student-pupil ratios and with vary teaching. However, the peculiar(prenominal)ity of superfluous settings has recently been questioned.Placing children with additional involve in special settings has been a subject of considerable fight over the past few years (Wall 2011). While the general public view is that special require students can benefit from individual and small group instruction, there is no compelling evidence to obligate this claim. In fact, the opposite seems true. According to a study conducted by Casey et al (1998), it was found that special school s with curricula intentional specifically for special needs students did not necessarily result in better improvements in childrens cognitive ability or developmental outcomes.A uniform study by Bunch & Valeo (1997) came to similar conclusions It was claimed that special arrangement of children with additional needs has not demonstrated substantive advantages over mainstream classes, despite change teaching and lower teacher to pupil ratio. More recent researches by Brown et al (2005) and Allen & Cowdery (2005) give birth made similar conclusions. In this regard, this paper examines the spot benefits and challenges of an combine approach to works with children with additional needs and their families in an advance(prenominal) years setting.Defining the term Additional needsBefore exploring further, it is worth spot to jump define the term additional needs. This term is used in reference to certain conditions or circumstances that might lead to children requiring special sup port (Owens 2009). Children with additional needs ar mainly those that tolerate wellness conditions and needs related to learning and physical development (Roffey 2001). That is, children with additional needs include those who ar physically handicapped, those with developmental delay or intellectual disability, communication disorders and those diagnosed with conditions such as Down syndrome, Autism or Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (Owens 2009). InclusionHaving defined the term additional needs, it is important to say the context in which the term inclusion is used. As Connor (2006) points out, the concept of inclusion is used to describe placement of children with additional needs in regular settings rather than special facilities. It should be noted that inclusion goes beyond just teaching the child in inclusive schoolroom settings and includes the quality of the childs go of school life and association with other peers.Legislative framework.Key legislations gov erning provision of services to special needs children include the Education (NI) do 1996 and the circumscribed Education Needs and Disability (NI) Order 2005 (DoE 2009). The designer outlines the rights and duties of the following in relation to special needs students schools, p arnts, Health and Social Services Boards,Education and library BoardsDepartment of Education It also sets out a Code of Practice and establishes an arrangement for issuing a statement and assessment of these childrens education needs (Porter 2003). The Special Education Needs and Disability (NI) Order 2005 resulted from amendments made to the first one to include the right of special needs children to mainstream education and introduction of revolutionary disability discrimination responsibilities (DoE 2009).Integrated approachIn the UK, these children with special needs are integrated into the mainstream schools provided that there is adequate equipment, enough staff and the right resources to tell t hat they achieve their full potential ( Heinemann & Vickerman 2009). However, it is not authorization for mainstream schools to enroll children with special needs. Rather, it depends on the ability of the school itself to meet their needs. If the mainstream school setting cannot provide for their needs, the child is placed under the local authority which then seeks to provide solutions (Silberfeld 2009). on that point is a growing cite of the benefits of including special needs students in mainstream schools as opposed to remedial settings. Now more than ever, there is an change magnitude emphasis on collaborative model and joint working to ensure that children with special needs are included in mainstream education (Duke & Smith 2007). Perhaps this has been driven by the recognition of its benefits and increasing course of action in children in need of special attention. The number of children with educational needs in the UK has been on the tog up over the past few years. Fo r example, their proportion as a percentage of the total school existence increased from 14.6% in 2003 to 17.7% in 2007 (DoE 2009).BenefitsThere are several benefits for such an integrated approach to working with children with special needs. First, such inclusive programs will help other children to understand them, accept them, appreciate and re deputee their similarities and differences (Sammons et al. 2003). This will enable them to see each person as an individual as opposed to eyesight them in terms of their needs. another(prenominal) benefit to such an integrated approach is the reduction in stigma. There is compelling evidence that shows that placing children with special needs in mainstream schools in the primal stages can significantly pare stigma (Griffin 2008). Inclusion programmes have the potential to facilitate a relationship that can be inversely beneficial for both groups of students. It allows children from both groups to develop awareness and to value their differences, thereby reducing stigmatization and labeling. An integrated approach to learning enhances social integration and reduces stigmatization and prejudice against children with special needs (Griffin 2008). Inclusion also reflects the acceptance of special needs children in the society. The integrated approach makes children with special needs to feel veritable to the society and by their peers and gives them a sense of belonging (Robinson & Jones-Diaz 2005). Such inclusive programmes can as well be of benefit to the parents. All that parents want is for their children to live typical lives like other students including being certain by their friends and peers (Owens 2009). Families visions of having their children experience typical life like other regular students can come true (Weston 2010)Furthermore, maintaining an inclusive setting can be more economical than running a special setting (Weston 2010). Additionally, the economic outputs can be greater when special needs students are educated in mainstream schools because of the self-reliance skills stressed in such settings (Mitchell 2009). Other benefits to such an integrated approach include improved pedantic operation, opportunity to participate in typical experiences of childhood, and gaining confidence to pursue inclusion in other settings such as recreational groups (Jones 2004). Research seems to suggest that special need children perform better when placed unneurotic with other peers in the natural setting (Brown et al., 2005). As Allen & Cowdery (2005) points out, special need children who receive services such as occupational therapy, language therapy and special education perform even better when provided with these services in the natural settings with their typically developing peers. Challenges While the arguments in save of integration are valid, it should also be remembered that integration in itself is a two- demeanor process. In about cases, the benefits of integration have been argued from the side of special needs student. What about the other group of students. Arent they going to be affected by the way services are devoted to special needs students? Such an integrated approach raises several key challenges. One particular challenge relates to the issue of fairness. Given their inclusion in mainstream classrooms, how can fairness be determinedWhat is fair for a typical average studentAnd what is fair for a special needs student (Swartz 2005)It is confutative whether the educational needs of these students can be met in mainstream classes especially given that they requires some sort of specialized services and special attention as well. There is a danger that the attention given to the special needs students will affect the quality of services that the regular students receive (Hoccut 1996). Given the developmental delays that most special needs students experience, the other regular students may rate themselves with these students in terms of aca demic performance which eventually might lead to the decline in their creativity and critical thinking capabilities (Wang 2009). Can this be termed as fair to either groupThis remains a major challenge to such inclusion programmes. Another challenge relates to the aggressive nature of some of these children. Coping with emotionally and behaviourally disturbed children can be oddly challenging for both the students and teachers (Cohen et al 2004). This can be seen with the recent push by some schools for responsible inclusion. Some of these children mental health needs are beyond what the mainstream education can drive home and as such can be disruptive to other students. Schools have become de facto mental health providers for children with special needs yet they were not set up for such purposes (Heinneman & Vickerman 2009). disdain these challenges, the focus should be on promoting integration of special needs students into the mainstream education. While there are many argume nts in favour of and against integrations, the benefits for such integration are significant. Those in favour of special facilities argue that these facilities are best for children with special needs in that it helps them maintain self-esteem and experience greater mastery (Cohen et al. 2004). They argue that segregation helps them with self-esteem and protects them from stigmatization. To some extent, they raise a valid argument especially given that the mainstream schools do not have enough human resources and adequate material for catering for the needs of such children (Hocutt 1996). However, such an approach will only further enhance stigmatization and negative labelling. Also, it might lead to social isolation from their peers and a lack of academic press, and higher order thinking among children with special needs. Moreover, placing such students in special facilities conjures up images which render them as failures and this may further reinforce their low-self esteem (Cohe n et al 2004). Perhaps this might be the reason why some of these students become physically aggressive or verbally abusive. They end up viewing aggression as the only way to be recognized (Cohen et al 2004). There are several benefits to such an intergrated approach to learning including better social adjustment and stigma reduction. Children with special needs may also benefit from inclusion programs through participating in typical experiences of childhood, gaining an understanding about diversity of people in the community, and gaining the confidence to pursue inclusion in other settings such as recreational groups (Nutbrown & Clough 2010). Other regular students may benefit from the opportunity to meet and share experiences with special needs students, and developing positive attitudes towards students with varied abilities (Weston 2003). There is a need to ensure that these students receive as colossal and balanced an entitlement curriculum as possible, similar to that receiv ed by the regular students (Cohens et al. 2004). Regardless of their condition or of the developmental delays that children with special needs may experience, they should all be allowed to learn and participate in prevalent routines just like other children (Weston 2003).It should be remembered that children of all ages have the same intrinsic value and are entitled to the same opportunities for participation in child care.ConclusionResearch has shown that special needs students who are mixed with their peers in mainstream classrooms are more likely to achieve better outcomes academically and socially while those in segregated classes fall further behind. There are, however, challenges to such an integrated approach to working with special needs children. Challenges related to coping with emotionally and behaviourally disturbed children and the challenge of ensuring fairness have been highlighted in this paper. Despite these challenges, the paper calls for an integrated approach to working with children with special needs. Unless there is a compelling reason to put special needs children in special settings, they should be placed in the mainstream educational setting. To ensure the success of this integrated approach, it is important that all the professionals involved value and appreciate their individual roles and those of others in order to ensure that these children receive best education, care and support. Families must also show their commitment to the multi-disciplinary partnership approaches.ReferencesAllen, K. E., and Cowdery, G. E., 2004. The exceptional child Inclusion in early childhood. Albany, NY Delmar. Brown, J.G., Hemmeter, M.L. and Pretti-Frontczak, K., 2005. Blended practices for teaching young children in inclusive settings. Baltimore Paul H. Brookes Cohen, L., Manion, L. and Morrison, K., 2004. A guide to teaching practice. Psychology press Connor, J. (2006) Redefining inclusion. Every Child. 12(3) Watson ACT ECA Department of Education ( DoE), 2009. The way away for special educational needs and inclusion. Department of Education Dukes, C. and Smith, M., 2007. Working with parents of children with special educational needs. London apt publications. Griffin, S., 2008. Inclusion, equality and diversity in working with children, Professional Development. Oxford Heinemann, A. and Vickerman, P., 2009. Key issues in special educational needs and inclusion. London sage Hocutt, A.M., 1996.Effectiveness of special education is placement the critical factor? The Future of Children Special Education For Students With Disabilities, Vol.6 (1) Jones, C.A., 2004. Supporting inclusion in the early years. Supporting early learning. McGraw-Hill Mitchell, D. (ed) 2009, Contextualizing inclusive education. London Routledge theme Council for Special Education (NCSE), 2011. Children with special educational needs, National Council for Special Education Nutbrown, C. and Clough, P., 2010. Inclusion in the early years. London Sage Owens, A., 2009. Including children with additional needs in child care. National Childcare Accreditation Council Inc. Porter, L., 2003. Young childrens behaviour. Practical approaches for caregivers and teachers. 2nd edition. London Paul Chapman Publishing Robinson, K.H. and Jones-Diaz, C., 2005. Diversity and difference in early childhood education. Issues for Theory and Practice. Maidenhead Open University Press Roffey, S., 2001. Special needs in the early years London. David Fulton Sammons, P., Taggart, B., Smees, R., Sylva, K., Melhuish, E., Siraj-Blatchford and Elliot, K., 2003.The early years transition and special educational needs (EyTSEN) project. London University of Oxford Silberfeld, C. et al., (eds), 2009, UEL early childhood studies reader. London Sage publications Swartz, S.L., 2005. Working together a collaborative model for the delivery of special services in general classrooms. Wall, K., 2011. Special needs and the early years. A practictioner guide. 3rd edition. London Sage publications Wang, H.L., 2009. Should all students with special educational needs (SEN) be included in mainstream education provision a critical analysis. internationalistic Education Studies, vol. 2(4) Weston, C (ed), 2010. UEL special needs and inclusive education reader. London. Sage publications Weston, C., 2003. Educating all inclusive classroom practice. In Alfrey, C., Understanding Childrens learning. London. David Fulton.

Office Automation Essay

Office automation has make office work to be efficient nowadays for the organizations that have adopted the system. Office automation ordinarily refers to a situation where office activities ar computerized so that it becomes easier for them to be executed faster and efficiently. This had been facilitated by practice of computer in the office and it has really help many companies to cut toll in cost of manpower. Office automation has been relied on by many companies to collect, store, create and transmit office information when they are needed in order to accomplish some basic activities in the office. (Laudon, K. C. and Laudon, J. P, 1994)Our organization has adopted a number of automation and collaboration software to enable them carry on their activities efficiently and to cut cost on wages and salaries. Collaborative software is a system that an organization adopts in order to verify that the organization is working a coordinated manner when they are executing they office w ork in their day to day activities. Our organization has not been left in terms of automation as it has implement some collaborative software to facilitate office activities. Some of the collaborative software that has been adopted by our organization is use of net beam and instant electronic messaging.The use of email to communicate in our organization has facilitated transferral of messages and data from one point to another either within the organization or even out of doors the organization. Since the organization adopted the system, it has seen the organization be able to cut cost in term on the cost it incurred previously to send communication via other mode of transmission. However, when it comes to internal communication within the organization, our confederacy has adopted intranet system where employees within the organization uses company mail to send emails to each others only.The use of email in the office has some advantage in that it is the cheapest means of com munication, one provide forward the mail to another person, one can open the mail from any computer in the world that is connected to the internet, and there is unlimited storage initiation. Another advantage of using email to communicate is that the message can be stored in the receivers inbox even if he is not in the office. Some of the disadvantages of email are that it efficiency not be used to communicate confidential information people might misuse the celerity and keep on browsing through the internet instead of working.Instant messaging is collaborative software that has been adopted by our organization to communicate within or outside the organization. This facility is very popular in our organization as one get feedback immediately after direct a message to the other person either within or outside the organization. The disadvantage of the facility is that since it requires instant feedback it cannot be used to communicate if the receiver is not there to reply to the message. The facility in any case cannot be used to communicate detailed information exchangeable data and for this case it needs soulfulness to use another facility.The facility also cannot be used where one want to attach something like a photograph or a map. (Laudon, K. C. and Laudon, J. P, 1994) The collaborative software adopted by our organization has been of majuscule use in our organization to convey messages within and outside the organization. Our company has saved a draw poker when it adopted the facilities and abandoned the older mean of communication where they used fax or even letter and parcel which are slow and expensive.

Father-Child Relationships in Hamlet and Fences Essay

In both William Shakespeares hamlet and majestic Wil tidingss Fences, the emphasis placed on parent-child birth is vital, as family plays an important role in ontogeny a characters values as well as his or her upbringing does. while Ophelia, Laertes, and hamlet show loyalty to their fathers unconditionally, Cory, redden though looks up troy weight as a figure, at long decease exhibits disrespect to him. The relationship that Ophelia shares with her father, Polonius, is rather dogmatic to understand the least.Throughout juncture, Polonius demonstrates almost absolute control over Ophelia as if she were a tool with the sole purpose of serving Polonius. As a result of a weakness of mind caused by a lack of independent thought, Ophelia does not oppose Polonius for instance when Polonius challenges Hamlets intentions with Ophelia, she can only say I do not know, my lord, what I should think. (I. iii).Ophelia allows herself to be controlled, even rebuffing her love for Hamlet simply because Polonius suggests her not to give words or talk with the Lord Hamlet, (I. v) which illustrates the grandeur Ophelia place on her familial obligations. The structure and guidance that Polonius provides for Ophelia, leads her to affirm that she shall obey him (I. iv). Ophelia is subservient to her fathers wishes and looks up to his patriarchal position. She listens to Polonius counsel. She places her father (and family) above new(prenominal) affairs. Polonius seems to be dominant and almost controlling. However, Ophelia is never rebellious. fleck Ophelia shows her faithfulness to her father dependently, Laertes consciously respect his father.Though they whitethorn not have the best relationship before Polonius is murdered, it was clear that Laertes feels it to be essential that he proves his love for his father after his father has passed. The headspring is, does Laertes always have a passion for his father, and if not, why does he feel that he has to take revenge for his fathers honor in the second half of the play? Polonius says to King Claudius before Laertess departure, He hath, my lord, wrung from me my slow leave/ By labour nearly petition, and at last/ Upon his will I sealed my unassailable consent. / I do beseech you give him leave to go. (I. ii). These lines show that Polonius is reluctant to let his news leave.When Laertes in the end reaches France, it is discovered by us readers that Polonius still has little faith in his son to take perplexity of himself. However, to keep an eye on his son, Polonius still orders his servant to France to secretly spy on Laertes and to make trusted that he is doing alright. Polonius loves his son and daughter in a protective manner. Thats why he gains Laertes and Ophelias admiration. Similar to Laertes, Hamlet devotes his later life to an attempt of retri plainlyion to his fathers death.Hamlet looks up to his father because he feels that he is a great leader and the bravest man that he has kno wn, as Hamlet mentions, so excellent a king (I. ii). These lines, See, what a grace was seated on his brow/ Hyperions curls, the bird-scarer of Jove himself/ An eye like Mars, to threaten or command/ A station like the herald Mercury, shows that Hamlet is willing to revenge for his father. His act of taking revenge may not completely come from love, but at least it represents the responsibility from a son to his father.In champion of Aichingers essays about Hamlet, he points out that Hamlets rejection of the moral standards of his society is crystallized by the events which follow his fathers death. Hamlet is even obsessed to the idea of vengeance that remarkably transforms him from an average, responsible, young prince to an apparently mad, raging son intent upon avenging his fathers death. We see responsibility, obedience, and devotion in father-child relationships in Hamlet. But Troy-Cory relationship in Fences is not the case.Whether the cause is generational gap or Troys sel fishness or Corys noncompliance, Troy never completely gains the love from his own son even after his death. Their relationship never blooms. Initially, Cory may innocently display his admiration to Troy because of his athletic ability and because of a simple reason a love from a normal son to his father. Through Roses word, we know that Cory tries to do as best as he can to earn bingle compliment from his father, Everything that boy do he do for you.He wants you to say Good job, son. Thats all. (I. iii). Unfortunately, theres always a contrast in that relation. Cory asks his father, How come you aint never liked me? and Troy answers, Liked you? Who the hell say I got to like you? / You eat everyday / Got a roof over your head / Got clothes on your back / What you think that is? / Its my job. / Its my responsibility (I. iii). This conversation between Cory and Troy clarifies everything. Troy doesnt like his son. Troy takes care of his family including Cory because of his duty. T roy thinks he owe Cory.Of course, there must be some love from Troy to Cory, from a father to his son, but the bitter experiences Troy has in the past concisely fence himself in to be a selfish, hostile man. In Wade Bradfords analytical essay, he claims that These set pieces will provide the literal and metaphoric activity of the play building a fence around Troys property. So, Cory is not Troys property? His selfishness seems large enough to dissemble his love to the family, especially, to Cory. Troy subconsciously doesnt want to see Corys success in lark which also means Troy is a failure.If theres no whole-hearted love, duty becomes tiresome to Troy. The last fight between Troy and Cory is the straw that breaks the camels back. Cory says Im not going to soda waters funeral,(II. v). His refusal to participate in Troys funeral shows that the wound in their relationship would never be healed. Cory just cannot forgive his father. Their relationship is always bitter and tense. Cory never fulfils his obligation as a son to Troy. Father-child relationship dominates both Hamlet and Fences. It is the scaffold that constructs the storyline in Fences.While Hamlet also deals with other issues, the parental relationship is the cause influencing most of the characters actions and behaviors. The contrast in father-child relationship in both plays is obvious. In the theme of post-medieval time in Hamlet, those connections are more rightfully dogmatic and include the devotion of ones life to another. In the near-modern setting, the relationship among people may contain barriers of egocentric that separate them from one to another even that is the relationship between a father and his child.